立式锅炉爆炸机理试验研究  被引量:8

Experimental Study on the Mechanism of Vertical Boiler Explosion

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作  者:盛水平[1] 程正米 陈海云[1] 赵辉[1] 刘新杭 许林滔 

机构地区:[1]杭州市特种设备检测院,杭州310003 [2]台州市特种设备监督检验中心,浙江台州318000

出  处:《工业安全与环保》2010年第4期34-36,共3页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

基  金:浙江省质监系统特检领域招投标项目(编号:20080401);参加试验的还有董一真;任强;顾荣见

摘  要:通过对立式锅炉爆炸事故案例汇总分析,得知立式锅炉占爆炸锅炉的60%-70%,且爆炸主要原因是缺水和超压。基于锅炉缺水导致材料力学性能改变及再进水超压造成内胆失稳,进行了材料高温力学性能试验、缺水再进水试验和内胆失稳模拟试验。得知严重缺水会造成炉胆过热超温,材料抗拉强度、弹性模量和刚度大幅下降,且350—500℃区域材料性能下降明显;立式锅炉缺水再进水爆炸事故主要是由进水汽化造成锅内压力骤升引起,缺水和超压同时存在,炉胆外压作用下失稳;立式锅炉在下脚豳与筒体连接的对接焊缝,炉胆、简体和炉门圈的角焊缝处最易造成焊缝撕裂。This paper studies the cases of vertical boiler explosions, finding out that the vertical boiler occupies the explosiou 60% - 70% and the primary causes of the explosion is the water scarcity and the overpressure. Based on the phonomenon, materials mechanical properties change by water scarcity and furnace chamber instability caused by water adding and overpressure, this paper conducts experimants of the material high temperature mechanical propertios test, the water scarcity and water adding test and the furnace chamber instability simulation test and the results show that the material performance drops obvionsly at 350 - 500 ℃ because of chamber over temperature and the markable drop of materials strength, elasticity and rigidity; the explosion accidents are mainly caused by water adding evaporation in the boiler that causes pressure rising sharply and water scarity and overpressure exists at the same time, so the instability occurs.

关 键 词:立式锅炉 缺水 超压 失稳 爆炸机理 

分 类 号:TK229.3[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]

 

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