关于山西玉米产业的可持续发展  

Sustainable Development of Corn Industry in Shanxi

作　　者：牛天堂[1] 田良才 李晋川[2] 王宇宏[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院,山西太原030006 [2]山西省生物研究所,山西太原030006

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2010年第4期3-7,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省软科学研究项目(2009041024-01)

摘　　要：玉米是山西半干旱农区高产生态型作物,在巩固中部和晋东南地区中晚熟和中早熟传统玉米主产区的基础上,重点开发南部旱地春播晚熟玉米区和夏播中早熟玉米区以及北部盆地中熟玉米区和山地早熟玉米区,玉米的种植面积有望达到180万～200万hm2,山西将成为我国重要的玉米产区之一。构建以秸秆还田为主体的保护性土壤生态耕作体系,提高地力,大力推广新一代紧凑耐密型杂交种,以合理密植、测土配方施肥、地膜覆盖为中心的玉米标准化生产技术,玉米大田产量可由现在的5 000 kg/hm2提高到6 000kg/hm2,总产将达到1 000万～1 200万t。以玉米资源为依托,大力发展草食动物畜牧业,开拓以玉米化工醇为源头的玉米生物化工业,延长产业链,把资源优势转化为经济优势,产值可达千亿元以上,玉米产业将是山西煤炭后主要的生物资源替代产业。Corn is a high-yield ecologic speciation in Shanxi semi-arid land. Based on the available local traditional middle-late maturing and middle-early maturing corns in center and southeast Shanxi, focus would shifted to south Shanxi for spring sowing late maturing corn and summer sowing middle-early maturing corn and to northern Shanxi basin zone for middle and early maturing corns. To extend corn cultivation total area to 1.8-2 million hectares, Shanxi will become one of the major corn production areas in China. To construct conservative ecologic cultivation system with crop straw mulch utilization as major measures for soil conservation to improve land fertility and to promote update new generation dense type hybrid corn through standardization of corn cultivation technology of rational close planting, soil testing fertilization, plastic film mulching to increase corn yield from 5 000 kg/hm2 to 6 000 kg/hm2 and to aim at total corn output more than 10-12 million tons. Besides, to transform corn resources as the basis to develop herbivorous animal husbandry; to explore corn alcohol bio-chemical industry. To extend the industrial chain, to transform resource advantages into economic advantages for output value up to 10 billions Chinese Yuan or more, and corn industry will be important substitute biological resources to replace the coal industry in Shanxi.

关 键 词：玉米 可持续发展 保护型耕作 高产 草食动物畜牧业 

分 类 号：S-0[农业科学] S513