运行车速预测新方法及其应用  

New Prediction Method of Operating Speed and Its Application to Highway Alignment Evaluation

作　　者：徐进[1] 彭其渊[1] 邵毅明[2] 赵军[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学交通运输学院,四川成都610031 [2]重庆交通大学交通运输工程重庆市重点实验室,重庆400074

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报》2010年第2期238-248,共11页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

基　　金：四川省科技厅应用基础项目(08JC0068);交通运输工程重庆市重点实验室开放基金项目(2008CQJY001)

摘　　要：为了在道路设计阶段预测车速,保证公路几何线形的协调性,建立了考虑侧向容许加速度、纵向加速度、制动减速度、制动热衰退和环境速度与线形参数关系的模型,计算了期望速度;建立了公路-驾驶者-车辆-环境仿真系统,对在三维路面上的行驶车辆进行仿真,得到并分析了试验道路的运行速度曲线.结果表明:(1)为有效控制速度波动,应取相近的曲线半径和直线长度,且直线不宜过长;(2)出弯道加速长度大于进弯道减速长度,且二者都大于回旋线长度;(3)山区路线由多个急弯构成时,速度曲线频繁波动的部分原因是车辆自身旋转动能和平动动能的相互转化;(4)运行速度协调性方法不适用于四级公路的线形评价;(5)偏角越小,轨迹对弯道的切角作用越大,弯道车速越高.To predict operating speed in highway design phase and ensure the coordination of alignment elements,models of lateral tolerated acceleration,longitudinal acceleration and deceleration,brake attenuation,environment speed concerned highway alignment were developed to determine the desired speed along the highway.A roadway-driver-vehicle-environment system（RDVES） was established to simulate vehicle models driving on 3D road-surface.With the RDVES,the operating speed of test roads was obtained and analyzed.The results show that（1） similar circle radii and tangent length along roadways was the best solution to avoid speed fluctuation,and shorter tangent should be adopted;（2） the acceleration distance of a vehicle when exiting curves was usually larger than the brake distance when impending curves,and both were much larger than the spiral length;（3） interchange of revolution and translational energy of driving vehicle will cause speed change when driving on mountainous roads containing sharp curves;（4） coordination of highway alignment by the operating speed method would be not applicable for evaluation of fourth-class grade highways;（5） the effect of corner cutting increases as deflection angle decreases,and hence the operating speed on the curves would be higher.

关 键 词：公路线形 运行车速 期望车速 驾驶仿真 

分 类 号：U412.33[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U412.36