压差矢量水听器阵波束形成的优化  

Beampattern Optimization of Pressure-Difference Vector Hydrophone Array

作　　者：王绪虎[1] 陈万平[1] 田坦[2] 

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学物理工程学院,曲阜273165 [2]哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《数据采集与处理》2010年第2期207-211,共5页Journal of Data Acquisition and Processing

基　　金：山东省教育厅科技计划(j07yi03)资助项目;曲阜师范大学科研基金(XJ0680)资助项目;山东省高等学校科技计划(j09lg08)资助项目

摘　　要：以各向同性噪声作为背景噪声场,对矢量水听器阵波束形成的优化方法进行了系统的研究。在分析各向同性噪声场中声压、振速相关性的基础上,利用最大信噪比准则推导了基阵的最佳增益与噪声场特性和阵列流形之间的关系,提出利用最佳增益权对阵列接收信号进行波束形成处理。通过对矢量水听器阵进行分解,将最佳增益波束形成引入矢量阵信号处理中。以二维压差矢量水听器阵作为接收基阵进行了仿真计算和湖上试验,结果表明,矢量阵的最佳增益波束形成可以获得性能更优的波束和更大的空间处理增益。An optimization method for the beamforming of the vector sensor array is systematically studied. The isotropic noise field is referred as the background noise field. By analyzing spatial correlation of the acoustic pressure and the particle velocity in isotropic noise field, the relationship among the optimal gains of a sensor array, its manifold and the ambient noise field is derived by using the criteria of the maximization of signal to noise ratio （SNR）, and the beamforming process to the receiving signal of the array by using the optimal gain weight vector is proposed. The optimal gain beamforming is introduced into the signal processing of the vector hydrophone array by decomposing the vector hydrophone array. The computer simulation and the lake test for 2-D pressure-difference vector sensor array are presented. Results show that with the optimum gain beamforming of the vector sensor array, the better beam and greater spatial processing gain can be obtained.

关 键 词：波束形成 压差矢量水听器 各向同性噪声场 最佳增益 

分 类 号：TB567[交通运输工程—水声工程] TN929.3[理学—物理]