唐山夏秋季大气质量观测与分析  

Observation and Analysis of Air Pollution in Tangshan During Summer and Autumn Time

作　　者：王晓元[1] 辛金元[1] 王跃思[1] 封孝信[2] 张玉平[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室,北京100029 [2]河北理工大学材料学院,唐山063009

出　　处：《环境科学》2010年第4期877-885,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX1-YW-06);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2007CB407303);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2006AA06A301)

摘　　要：为了研究唐山市大气污染状况和其在奥运期间对北京及周边地区的影响,于2007年、2008年夏秋季节,使用全自动在线观测仪器对唐山市大气质量进行连续观测研究.结果表明,唐山大气细粒子PM2.5夏季平均浓度为105.1μg.m-3±46.5μg.m-3,秋季为108.1μg.m-3±61.8μg.m-3;O3小时浓度最大值夏季平均为153.9μg.m-3±50.9μg.m-3,秋季为114.6μg.m-3±56.5μg.m-3;NO2的夏、秋季节平均浓度分别为39.2μg.m-3±10.0μg.m-3与42.7μg.m-3±11.6μg.m-3;SO2夏、秋季节平均浓度分别为44.8μg.m-3±31.1μg.m-3、52.2μg.m-3±25.2μg.m-3;大气氧化性Ox(O3+NO2)夏季平均为111.9μg.m-3±27.0μg.m-3,秋季为87.2μg.m-3±27.8μg.m-3.唐山市大气细粒子污染严重,是京津冀地区细粒子的主要源之一;SO2、NO2浓度比周边地区高,但并未超过国家二级标准,NO2主要源于汽车尾气排放,长期变化小;O3浓度相对周边地区较低,但当地O3前体物(NOx)相对高排放对区域内臭氧生成的影响尚不清楚.北京奥运期间,受减排措施影响唐山大气污染物浓度均有不同程度的下降,其中SO2、PM2.5下降最为显著.奥运减排措施可以作为改善唐山大气质量的有效手段.To study the air pollution in Tangshan City and its effects on Beijing and the surrounding areas during the Beijing Olympics,the on-line monitoring of atmospheric pollutant was performed at the summer and autumn time in 2007 and 2008 in Tangshan. The results show that the average PM2. 5 concentrations are 105. 1 μg.m -3 ± 46. 5 μg.m -3 in summer and 108. 1 μg.m -3 ± 61. 8 μg·m^-3 in autumn. The average max hourly O3 concentrations are 153.9 μg·m^-3 ±50.9 μg·m^-3 in summer and 114.6 μg·m^-3 ± 56. 5 μg.m -3 in autumn. The average NO2 concentrations are 39. 2 μg.m -3 ± 10. 0 μg.m -3 in summer and 42. 7 μg.m -3 ± 11. 6 μg.m -3 in autumn,and the average SO2 concentrations are 44. 8 μg.m -3 ± 31. 1 μg.m -3 in summer and 52. 2 μg.m -3 ± 25. 2 μg.m -3 in autumn. The average oxidant （NO2 ＋ O3 ） concentrations are 111. 9 μg.m -3 ± 27. 0 μg.m -3 in summer and 87. 2 μg·m^-3 ±27.8 μg·m^-3 in autumn. As one of the fine particles sources in areas of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei,Tangshan is severely polluted by fine particles; Concentrations of SO2 and NO2 are higher than that of surrounding areas,but still attain the national standard for Grade Ⅱ. Long-term NO2 concentration which mainly comes from automobile exhaust changes little. The O3 concentration is relatively low compared to nearby areas,however,it remains unknown how high local emission of O3 precursor （NOx） would affect the regional O3 production. During the Beijing Olympics,affected by industrial emission reduction,all air pollutant concentrations were reduced especially SO2 and PM2.5 ,so reducing industrial emission should be useful for improving air quality in Tangshan.

关 键 词：唐山市 大气污染 PM2.5 O3 NOx SO2 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]