缝洞型油藏孤立溶洞注水替油机理实验  

AN EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON WATER DISPLACING OIL MECHANISMS FOR ISOLATED VUGS IN FRACTURED AND CAVERNOUS RESERVOIRS

作　　者：李鹴[1] 李允[1] 吴锋[1] 刘先明[2] 段立志[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,四川成都610500 [2]中国石油大学,北京102249

出　　处：《大庆石油地质与开发》2010年第2期82-86,共5页Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing

摘　　要：由于缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏储层的复杂性，研究其注水替油的机理就显得很必要。在注水替油的过程中，溶洞未填充并且充满油时，若将水注入到溶洞内，由于油水的密度差异所产生的重力差异必然导致水下沉，产生油水分离，水逐渐占据了下部油的位置，从而油水进行了置换，达到注水替油的目的。所以，重力分离是注水替油中最主要的理论依据之一，因此有必要对油水两相由于重力作用发生分离的过程进行研究。通过物理模拟实验研究表明：注水过程中注入水在溶洞中发生置换作用、驱替作用和水洗油作用，对于孤立溶洞注水替油，置换作用，是注水替油的决定因素；随着注水替油轮次的增加，油水界面逐渐上升，近井地带的含水饱和度增加，产量递减趋势逐渐加快，井底流压呈指数递减，后期递减速度越来越快。Due to the complexity of the layer in flactured and cavernous carbonate reservoirs, it is necessary to study the mechanisms of water displacing oil. During the process of water displacing oil, when the cavity is not filled with oil, if water is injected into the cavity, the water will sink, and oil and water separation will happen because of the gravity difference between oil and water. Water will gradually occupy the bottom, replace the oil, and displace oil. So, the gravity differentiation is one of the most important theories for water displacing oil. Therefore, it is necessary to study on the separation process of water and oil due to gravity effect. The physical simulation experiment results indicate： during water injection, the displacement and water displacing oil happen in the cavity, and displacement is the dominant factor for water displacing oil in isolated cavity ; with more and more water displacing oil, the oil/water interface increases, the water saturation near wellbore increases, the production declines more and more quickly, the bottom hole pressure declines exponentially, and the decline rate is faster and faster at the later stage.

关 键 词：孤立缝洞 注水替油 机理 油水分离 实验 

分 类 号：TE344[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]