蚂蚁对东祁连山高寒草地生态系统的影响  

Effects of ants(Tetramorium sp.) on eastern Qilian Mountains alpine grassland ecosystem

作　　者：鱼小军[1] 蒲小鹏[1] 黄世杰[1] 方强恩[1] 徐宁[1] 徐长林[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院草业生态系统教育部重点实验室中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草业学报》2010年第2期140-145,共6页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金："现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金";"甘肃农业大学草业学院青年教师科研启动项目"资助

摘　　要：为了明晰蚂蚁对高寒草地生态系统的作用,于甘肃天祝高寒草地上研究了蚂蚁对土壤水分、容重、养分、土壤种子库和草产量的影响。结果表明,蚁丘0~10 cm的土壤含水量显著低于邻近土壤,蚁丘0~10 cm的土壤容重比距离蚁丘1 m同等深度的容重小59%。蚂蚁具有向蚁丘土壤富集营养和种子的作用。蚁丘0~10,10~20 cm深与距离蚁丘1 m处土壤总种子密度和种子多样性最大的是蚁丘0~10 cm,其次为蚁丘10~20 cm,最小的是距离蚁丘1 m处的对照。除蚁丘0~10 cm深处的碱解氮略小于对照外,前者的全氮、全磷、速效钾和有机质显著高于蚁丘10~20 cm和邻近土壤。蚁丘的中央部分为裸地,蚁丘外围的草产量显著低于邻近无蚁丘草地的草产量。The creation of small-scale vegetation mosaics by building mound is an important aspect of ant activity in grasslands.In order to clear the impacts the alpine grassland by ant mound building,an investigation was made on ants nesting activities to the soil water content,soil bulk density,soil seed bank and soil nutrition in Tianzhu Alpine grassland.Comparing with the adjacent soil,the soil water content of ant nest is significantly lower in depth of soil from 0 to 10 cm than CK,and soil bulk density of ant hill from 0 to 10 cm is lower 59% than CK.Ant has the roll that enrichment soil nutrients and collection seeds to ant hill.The total density of the soil seed of ant hill was the highest in soil from 0 to 10 cm,the second was ant hill soil from 10 to 20 cm,the lowest was at a distance of 1 m from ant nest,as well as seed diversity.The organic matter,total N,total P,available K of the soil in ant nest soil from 0 to 10 cm depth is significantly higher than that around the ant nest,except available N in ant hill soil was lower that CK.The middle of ant hill is bare land,and the grass production near ant nests is significantly lower than non-ant nests.

关 键 词：蚁丘 土壤含水量 土壤容重 土壤种子库 土壤养分 高寒草地 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学] Q948.1[农业科学—畜牧学]