喀斯特山区红黏土在石漠化过程中的侵蚀与堆积记录——以乌蒙山脉麻窝山流域为例  

Records of Erosion and Accumulation of Red Clay in Karst Mountain Area during Process of Rocky Desertification

作　　者：谢良胜[1] 吴攀[1] 顾尚义[1] 刘群[1] 葛佳杰[1] 曹振兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550003

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2010年第4期47-50,共4页Soil and Water Conservation in China

基　　金：国家"973"计划项目(2006CB403202);贵州省科技厅重大专项计划项目(黔科合重大专项字[2006]6041-1);贵州大学研究生创新基金项目([省研理工]2009010)

摘　　要：以乌蒙山脉西陲重度石漠化盆地型喀斯特地区麻窝山为例,分别对侵蚀区和堆积区红黏土的粒径和主量元素特征进行了分析,研究了喀斯特山区红黏土在石漠化过程中的地球化学特征及环境响应。结果表明:在石漠化过程中,堆积区红黏土继承了侵蚀区红黏土的理化特征;堆积区与侵蚀区相比,前者红黏土的粒度较小,组分相对稳定,风化程度较高;差异侵蚀引起侵蚀区红黏土含量有较大波动,冲积和洪积作用使堆积区红黏土充分混合,其含量较为均一;短时间尺度内侵蚀区和堆积区风化程度没有明显变化;人类活动影响导致堆积区土壤中K2O、MnO等发生异常,是石漠化过程中引起环境表生地球化学变化的主要原因。The paper analyzes the particle size and characteristics of major elements of red clay in soil erosion and accumulation areas and studies the geochemical characteristics and environmental responses of red clay during the process of rocky desertification in karst mountain area respectively,by taking Mawo Mountain which is situated in karst area of serious rocky desertification basin in the western of Wumeng Mountains as an example. The outcomes show that a) the red clay of accumulation area inherited the physical-chemical characteristics from erosion areas during the process of rocky desertification; b) It has smaller particle size,relatively stable components and higher degree of weathering in accumulation areas,compared with the red clay of erosion areas;c) the differential erosion causes greater fluctuation in the content of red clay in erosion areas and the alluvial and pluvial actions make the red clay fully mixed with uniform content in accumulation areas; d) there is no significant changes of weathering degree in both areas within short time scale and; e) human activities cause the content of K2O and MnO of soil unusual in accumulation areas which is the main reason for causing environmental geochemistry changes in the process of rocky desertification.

关 键 词：石漠化 红黏土 堆积响应 喀斯特山区 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]