枸杞岛海藻场褐菖鲉的摄食习性  

Feeding habit of Sebastisous marmoratus in seaweed bed around Gouqi Island

作　　者：王凯[1] 章守宇[1] 汪振华[1] 许敏[1] 赵静[1] 王蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306

出　　处：《水产学报》2010年第2期227-235,共9页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30871924);"十一五"国家"八六三"高技术研究发展计划(2006AA100303);上海市重点学科建设项目(J50702)

摘　　要：2007年8月至2008年6月对枸杞岛海藻场生态系统4个盛衰阶段展开调查,共获得297个褐菖鲉样本,对其胃含物进行分析,以研究褐菖鲉摄食习性及其随藻场盛衰、体长的变化规律。结果表明,褐菖鲉的摄食强度很低,空胃率和平均饱满指数随藻场盛衰有显著变化(P<0.05),空胃率随体长的变化不显著(P>0.05),平均饱满指数在小于100.0mm各体长组间无显著差异(P>0.05);褐菖鲉是底栖生物食性鱼类,食物种类有端足类、虾类、蟹类、棘皮类、多毛类等12大类29种生物,端足类是(%IRI为97.03%)是褐菖鲉最重要的摄食种类;褐菖鲉食物种类随藻场盛衰而变化,在海藻场增长期和茂盛期两个阶段主要摄食虾类和蟹类,在海藻场持续期和衰减期主要摄食端足类;食物种类随体长变化,体长<80.0mm的褐菖鲉主要摄食端足类等,体长在80.0～99.9mm的褐菖鲉主要摄食虾类和蟹类,体长大于100.0mm的褐菖鲉主要摄食鱼类和端足类。By analyzing 297 stomach contents of Sebastisous marmoratus in seaweed bed around Gouqi Island in April, May, June 2008 and August 2007, this paper studied the feeding habits of this species and its diet composition that varied with seaweed growth. Results showed that feeding intensity was low throughout the study period and percentage of empty stomachs and mean stomach fullness index varied significantly （P 〈 0.05 ）. Percentage of empty stomach varied insignificantly among the size classes （ P 〉 0.05 ）. The mean stomach fullness varied insignificantly among specimens less than 80.0mm TL （ P 〉 0.05 ）. S. marmoratus was benthivorous and the diet of it consisted of at least 29 different prey species belonging to 12 major groups （Amphipoda, Shrimps, Crabs, Echinodermata, Polychaeta, etc. ）. Amphipoda were the most important prey and accounted for 97.03 % by % IRI of all the prey. The composition of the prey varied with different growth periods of seaweed bed and S. marmoratus size classes. Shrimps and crabs were more important during booming period and flourish period, whereas amphipods were more important during lasting peroid and decay period. Amphipoda were more important in the diet of specimens less than 80.0 mm TL, shrimps and crabs were more important in the diet of specimens 80.0 - 99.9 mm TL, whereas fish and amphipods occurred more in the diet of specimens less than 100.0 mm TL.

关 键 词：褐菖鲉 食性 海藻场 枸杞岛 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学] S917[农业科学—水产科学]