濒危植物西康玉兰种子休眠、萌发及贮藏特性  

Seed Dormancy,Germination and Storage Behavior of Magnolia wilsonii(Magnoliaceae),an Endangered Plant in China

作　　者：韩春艳[1,2] 龙春林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明植物研究所,云南昆明650204 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《云南植物研究》2010年第1期47-52,共6页Acta Botanica Yunnanica

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项重点项目(2008FY110400-2-2);国家科技基础条件平台项目(2005DKA21006);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-YW-Z-0925)

摘　　要：研究了西康玉兰(Magnolia wilsonii)种胚的形态大小,温度、层积、硝酸钾、浸种处理和GA3对种子休眠及萌发的影响。通过将种子脱水至不同含水量和在两种温度(4℃和-20℃)下贮藏100d后测其生活力,分析各处理对西康玉兰种子活力的影响。结果表明:西康玉兰种子胚尚未分化完全,需经过低温层积完成生理后熟;低温层积和GA3可打破种子休眠,种子最适萌发温度为25/20℃。由此推测,西康玉兰种子具有形态生理休眠特性。西康玉兰种子当含水量降至5.39%,存活率为53.50%。不同含水量的种子贮藏在-20℃条件下,100d后种子全部死亡;但在4℃下含水量为10.31%的种子存活力高达76%。因此,西康玉兰种子极可能属于中间性种子,其适宜贮藏环境为4℃下的干藏或湿藏。In this paper,we measured the embryo morphology and size of Magnolia wilsonii seeds. And the effects of temperature,stratification,KNO3 and soaking on seed dormancy and germination were studied. Seeds were desiccated to different moisture content,and then stored at 4℃ and -20℃ for 100 d. The effects of desiccation and storage temperature on seed viability of M. wilsonii were analyzed. The results showed that the underdeveloped embryos of M.wilsonii seeds needed cold stratification to achieve physiological afterripening. The favorable temperature for germination of M.wilsonii seeds was 25/20℃. Cold stratification and GA3 could effectively overcome dormancy of M.wilsonii seeds. Therefore,M.wilsonii seeds have morphophysiological dormancy. About 53.50% of seeds could survive in the moisture content of 5.39%. After 100 d storage at -20℃,all seeds in different moisture contents died. However,after 100 d storage at 4℃,76% of seeds survived. Thus,M.wilsonii seeds exhibited intermediate seed storage behavior. The optimum storage environments was dry or moist storage at 4℃.

关 键 词：西康玉兰 种子 冷层积 GA3 形态生理休眠 

分 类 号：S685.15[农业科学—观赏园艺]