湖南省资兴市东部乡(镇)稻田尾蚴性皮炎的调查  

Epidemiological Survey on Paddy-field Dermatitis in the Eastern Township of Zixing,Hunan

作　　者：袁国林[1] 段绩辉[2] 夏云磊[1] 李雄豹 陈伟华[3] 邵雪全 

机构地区：[1]湖南省资兴市疾病预防控制中心,湖南资兴423400 [2]湖南省疾病预防控制中心 [3]湖南省郴州市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2010年第2期267-269,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查资兴市东部乡(镇)稻田性皮炎的病因和流行病学特征。方法用问卷调查和体检方法,调查居民疫水接触史和临床表现;采集稻田螺类,用直接压片法分离尾蚴;采集家鸭的新鲜粪便,用水洗沉淀法检查分离虫卵;用肝脏灌注法收集吸虫成虫。结果4个乡5个村调查共492人,稻田尾蚴性皮炎患病率为56.71%,其中有疫水接触史者318人,患病率87.34%。男女差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.495,P=0.062),青壮年和儿童患病率高。流行高峰为5月份。椎实螺平均密度为258个/m2,椎实螺吸虫尾蚴感染率为81.23%。结论经调查证实为毛毕吸虫尾蚴性皮炎,椎实螺是毛毕吸虫尾蚴的中间宿主,人群普遍易感。Objective To investigate the cause and epidemiological features of paddy-field dermatitis in the eastern township of Zixing.Methods With the methods of physical examination and questionnaire,the state of illness,life history,history of exposure to infected water,and clinical performance of the rice farmers were surveyed.The Lymnaeidae snails were collected,and the cercariae were isolated by direct compression method.Fresh feces of domestic ducks were collected,and the ova were separated by gravity precipitation.The adult worms were separated by the liver perfusion method.Results Totally 492 farmers in 5 villages of 4 townships were surveyed,the prevalence rate of paddy-field dermatitis was 56.71%,among them 318 farmers had a history of contact with infected water,with the prevalence rate of 87.34%.No statistically significant difference was found between men and women （χ2=3.495,P=0.062）,and high prevalence of paddy-field dermatitis was observed among young adults and children.May was the peak time of onset.The average density of Lymnaeidae was 258 snails/m2,and the infection rate of cercariae in Lymnaea catascopium was 81.23%.Conclusions It is confirmed that the incident is cercarial dermatitis of Trichobilharzia,Lymnaea catascopium is the intermediate host of cercaria of Trichobilharzia,and human beings are susceptible to paddy-field dermatitis universally.

关 键 词：尾蚴性皮炎 椎实螺 鸭 

分 类 号：R757[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]