2008年随州市某医院院内感染调查  

Investigation of Nosocomial Infection in a Hospital of Suizhou in 2008

作　　者：金晓舟[1] 谭莉[2] 聂绍发[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省随州市疾病预防控制中心,湖北随州441300 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院流行病学与卫生统计系

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2010年第2期319-321,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解随州市某医院院内感染的基本情况,发现医院感染控制中存在的问题,为进一步制定医院感染监控措施,减少和控制医院感染的发生提供依据。方法收集2008年1-12月该医院所有的出院病例,分季度对院内感染情况进行回顾性调查分析;每季度对该院所有住院病人进行一次现况调查(包括医院感染情况、抗菌药物使用情况、药敏菌培情况),同时对医院各科室消毒状况进行监测。结果2008年该医院发生院内感染621例,平均感染率为5.41%,感染部位以呼吸道居首位;院内感染病例的标本送检率为33.17%,病原体以革兰阴性菌所占比例最高,为52.35%,其次分别为革兰阳性菌和真菌;药敏培养显示头孢菌的耐药率最低为62.87%;抗菌药物平均使用率为81.84%,其中单用药物使用率为54.12%;消毒监测的平均合格率为85.53%。结论定期开展医院内感染现况调查,及时发现医院感染管理中存在的问题,加强医院感染管理,如合理使用抗生素、加强病原菌的监测等等,有利于预防和控制医院感染。Objective To understand the status concerning nosocomial infections （NI） in Suizhou City,to find problems in controlling NI,and to provide the evidence for working out monitoring measures.Methods All the cases discharged from the hospital between Jan.2008 and Dec.2008 were collected to conduct retrospective study about NI by four seasons.Cross-sectional investigation was conducted quarterly among all the inpatients,including NI,antibacterial usage,and pharmaceutical sensitive cultivation.The status of disinfection in all the departments of the hospital was simultaneously monitored.Results Totally 621 cases of NI were detected in the hospital in 2008,with the average infection rate of 5.41%,and the most common infection site was respiratory tract.The sample detection rate of the cases with NI was 33.17%,and Gram-negative bacteria were the most common pathogens,accounted for 52.35%,followed by Gram-positive bacteria and eumycete.Bacterial cultivation and drug sensitive test suggested that drug resistant rate of bacteria to cephalosporin was the lowest （62.87%）.Average usage rate of antibacterial was 81.84%,among the total,the usage rate of single drug was 54.12%,and average qualified rate of disinfection was 85.53%.Conclusions The current status of NI should be investigated regularly in order to find the existing problems of NI management.Strengthening the management of NI （including using antibiotics rationally,monitoring pathogenic bacteria,etc.） may be beneficial in the prevention and control of NI.

关 键 词：医院感染 感染率 调查分析 预防控制 

分 类 号：R197.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]