水稻光温敏核不育机理设想及光温敏核不育系选育策略  

Mechanism of Sterility and Breeding Strategies of Photoperiod/Thermo-Sensitive Genic Male Sterile Rice

作　　者：陈立云[1] 肖应辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学水稻科学研究所,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2010年第2期103-107,共5页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家863计划资助项目(2006AA100101);国家农业科技成果转化资金资助项目(2007GB2D200226);湖南省自然科学基金重点资助项目(03JJY3033);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(08JJ1003)

摘　　要：为更深入了解水稻光温敏核不育的遗传机理,综述了我国水稻光温敏核不育机理研究取得的成就及存在问题,提出了水稻光温敏核不育机理新设想,即水稻光温敏不育系中不存在光敏不育基因和温敏不育基因,其育性转换是主效不育基因与发育感光基因或(和)发育感温基因相互作用的结果;正常水稻品种中存在的不育基因位点(微效不育基因)可影响光温敏核不育系的不育起点温度,微效不育基因聚合越多,则不育系不育起点温度越低;微效不育基因完全纯合,则不育起点温度不会漂变。基于不育机理新设想,提出了光温敏核不育系选育的策略,即不同生态区、不同生态类型的光温敏核不育系选育的光温指标不一样,增压选择是选育低不育起点温度核不育系的技术核心,全面提高综合性状水平和配合力是选育实用光温敏核不育系技术的关键。The research progresses on genetics of photoperiod and/or temperature sensitive genic male sterility [P（T）GMS] in rice were reviewed.A new idea for explaining the sterility mechanism of P（T）GMS rice was proposed.The fertility transition from sterile to fertile phase was the result of cooperative regulation of major-effect sterile genes with the photoperiod and/or temperature sensitive genes for plant development,but not the so-called pgms gene in P（T）GMS rice.The minor-effect genes,which exhibited accumulative effect for sterility,were the important factors that affect the critical temperature for sterility.The more minor-effect genes the sterile line held,the lower the critical temperature for sterility was.The critical temperature for sterility should be invariable if whole minor-effect genes were homozygous.The strategies for breeding photoperiod/thermo-sensitive genic male sterile rice were also put forward.The selective indexes of critical photoperiod and temperature for fertility transition should be set according to varietal type and ecological region.Adding selection pressures was the key technology to breed P（T）GMS rice with lower critical temperature for sterility.Improving the comprehensive performance of the whole traits and combining ability was vital for breeding photoperiod/thermo-sensitive genic male sterile rice line.

关 键 词：水稻 光温敏核不育 不育机理 育种策略 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]