斑马鱼正常肝脏显微形态和超微结构的初步观察  

Observation on Micro- and Ultra-structures of the Liver in Zebrafish（Brachydanio rerio ）

作　　者：初晓红[1] 濮俊毅[1,2,3] 包慧君[1] 胡建华[2,3] 高诚[2,3] 姚一琳[1] 徐春生[1] 覃君慧[1] 陈秋生[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物医学院,南京210095 [2]上海实验动物研究中心,上海201203 [3]上海市计划生育科学研究所,上海200032

出　　处：《实验动物与比较医学》2010年第1期17-23,共7页Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine

基　　金：上海市科委基金项目（08140901100）

摘　　要：目的观察与分析斑马鱼肝脏的显微和超微结构。方法光镜和透射电镜观察组织切片。结果斑马鱼肝脏没有典型的门管区，静脉和胆管随机地分布在肝实质中，很难观察到动脉。肝板由两层并列的肝细胞排列成双层板状结构，以中央静脉为中心呈放射状分布，在肝板（肝细胞索）之间是血窦，肝细胞索呈弯曲、分支和吻合状态，肝细胞核大而圆，核仁分区明显，核孔数目多，且密度大，呈现细胞代谢活跃旺盛的形态。胞质中粗面内质网（RER）既有管状结构也有扁平囊状结构，扁平囊状结构的RER呈区域化的层层排列，可达二十余层。线粒体成群分布，并且与RER紧密接触，为RER合成蛋白质提供能量。电镜观察发现当细胞质富含线粒体、RER、核糖体时，核孔的数目多，细胞质内出现一定量的溶酶体，糖原在细胞质内有少量的聚集。当细胞质内有大量的糖原分布时，则核孔的数目较少，且细胞嚣也较少。胆管系统在肝脏内呈树枝状分布，胆小管包括细胞内胆小管和细胞间胆小管，细胞内胆小管腔内的微绒毛明显多于细胞间胆小管。本文也对内皮细胞、贮脂细胞、红细胞和淋巴细胞进行了描述。并对斑马鱼肝脏的结构与其他硬骨鱼类进行了比较。结论斑马鱼肝细胞排列方式与其他硬骨鱼类有一定差异，也与前人的报道并不完全相同，这种差异和不同与动物种类和研究方法有一定关系。肝细胞的超微结构特征，在形态学角度证明了其活跃的合成和代谢功能。Objective To observing and analyze the microstructures and ultrastructures of the liver in zebrafish. Methods The tissue samples were observed by using light and electron microscopy. Results There was no typical portal area within the parenchyma, bile ducts and venules were randomly distributed within the parenchyma. The polygonal hepatocytes are arranged in twisting, branching and anastomosing cords usually two cells thick .There was a single big and spherical nucleus in the hepatocyte, and the nucleoli displayed a separation into granulose component, fibrillar centers and dense fibrillar component. The cytoplasm are dominated by numerous stacks of non-fenestrated lamellae of rough endoplasmic reticulum （RER） of considerable length arranged in close parallel array and smooth endoplasmic reticulum was rarely observed. The number of mitochondria is of considerable, and myelinbody was found in mitochondria. When the cytoplasm was rich in mitochondria, RER, and ribosome and the number of nucleopore was massive, glycogen was found in small concentrations, and a few lysosome may be observed. When glycogen was found in large concentrations, the number of nucleopore was few, so the cytoplasmic organoids were. These suggested that the consumption of glycogen ensured normal metabolism of nucleic acids and proteins, and mitochondria provided energy in the process of protein synthesis. The biliary system is arranged in arborization. Bile canalicuhis includeded intracellular and intercellular bile canaliculus, the intracellular bile canaliculus had lots of long microvilli, the intercellular bile canaliculus had relatively shorter ones. Erythrocytes, lymphocytes, fat-storing cells and endothelial cells were also described. A comparison between zebrafish liver and that of other teleosts was made. Conclusions The way of hepatocytes arranged in zebrafish was different from other teleostei and was not exactly conformable to previous accounts, this distinction was relevant to the animal species and research methods. The ultras

关 键 词：肝脏 显微结构 超微结构 斑马鱼 

分 类 号：Q95-33[生物学—动物学]