东北地区人参根际土壤真菌多样性研究  

Study on Fungi Diversity of Ginseng Rhizosphere Soil in Northeastern China

作　　者：陈曦[1,2] 孙晓东[2] 毕思远[1,2] 吕国忠[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学生命科学学院,辽宁大连116029 [2]大连民族学院生命科学学院,辽宁大连116605

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第10期5515-5517,5520,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30770009)

摘　　要：[目的]了解人参根际土壤中的病原真菌种类及其分布规律。[方法]于2008和2009年的5～10月间在辽宁省的桓仁县、吉林省的集安市和抚松县的大型人参种植区采集人参根际土壤样品200余份,采用土壤稀释平板法和土壤颗粒法进行土壤真菌的分离和培养,然后进行分类鉴定。[结果]该研究共分离和鉴定出22属33种真菌。人参生长的环境条件对人参根际土壤真菌种群的组成、数量及多样性分布均有一定的影响。三地人参根际土壤真菌的优势种群为青霉、木霉及镰孢菌。集安市人参根际土壤真菌的优势种群为青霉,桓仁县优势种群为木霉。从生态学研究结果来看,集安市多样性指数(H′)和均匀度指数(J)均高于桓仁县和抚松县,表明生态环境的多样性对人参根际土壤真菌的生物多样性存在明显影响。[结论]该研究为科学和有效地防治人参病害提供了理论依据。[Objective]The aim was to know the pathogenic fungi types and distribution law in ginseng rhizosphere soil.[Method]During May to Oct.in 2008 and 2009,more than 200 soil samples were collected from ginseng rhizosphere soil in Ji’an City,Fusong County of Jilin Province and Huanren County of Liaoning Province.Soil dilution plate method and soil particle method were adopted to isolate and culture soil fungi,then classification and identification were carried out.[Result]33 species of 22 fungal genera were identified.The results showed that the composition,quality and diversity distribution of soil fungal populations were affected by the environmental conditions of ginseng growing areas.The dominant fungal populations in three investigated areas were Penicillium,Trichoderma and Fusarium.The Penicillium species was the major fungal population in Ji’an ginseng rhizosphere soil,and the Trichoderma species was the dominant fungal group in Huanren ginseng rhizosphere soil.In view of ecological statistical analysis,Ji’an fungal biodiversity index （H′）and uniformity index （J）were greater than Huanren County and Fusong County.It indicated that the diversity of eco-environment had an evident effect on soil fungal diversity of ginseng rhizosphere soil.[Conclusion]The study will provide theoretical basis for scientific and effective ginseng disease prevention and control.

关 键 词：微生物 生态 种类 数量 

分 类 号：Q949.3[生物学—植物学]