18城市不同类别流动人口对艾滋病病毒感染者和病人的歧视及相关因素调查  

A survey on the discrimination against PLWHA among floating population with different vocations in 18 cities in China

作　　者：谢秋娟[1,2] 萧燕[2] 曾刚[2] 晋灿瑞[2] 吕繁[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京协和医学院公共卫生学院,北京100730 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心政策研究与信息室,北京100050

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2010年第3期204-207,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：第五轮中国全球基金艾滋病项目(CHN-506-G06-H)

摘　　要：目的了解不同类别流动人口对艾滋病病毒感染者和病人(people living with HI V/AIDS,PLWHA)歧视的现状及其影响因素。方法采取横断面研究设计,在黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、甘肃、宁夏、重庆7个省(市)的18个城市采用两阶段分层抽样,抽取4类流动人口即建筑工人、工矿企业工人、外来务工人员、长途卡车司机共15622人进行了问卷调查。结果调查对象总歧视率为63.2%,不同类别流动人口对PLWHA的歧视差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),对不同PLWHA的歧视存在差异(P<0.01),家庭中的PLWHA被接受程度最高;对PLWHA歧视受性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、艾滋病知识的影响。结论流动人口对PLWHA的歧视仍普遍存在,其存在及PLWHA受歧视的差异提示仍需加大力度和深度进行艾滋病健康教育和反歧视的宣传,提高艾滋病知识认知水平,加强正确意识的引导及关爱,进而降低或消除对PLWHA的歧视。Objective To find out the present situation of discrimination against PLWHA and its influential factors among floating population. Methods 15 622 individuals from 18 cities in 7 provinces were selected using the method of cross-sectional study and two-stage stratification sampling. Questionnaire survey were conducted in construction workers, industrial workers, long-distance drivers and laborers. Results The total rate of discrimination was 63.2 %, and floating population from 4 vocations had different attitudes of discrimination to PLWHA. The acceptance rate of PLWHA from their family was the highest, and the individuals＇ attitude of discrimination towards PLWHA was related to their sex, age, education, vocation, AIDS knowledge. Conclusions The attitude of discrimination towards PLWHA generally exist among floating population, which implied us to promote health education on AIDS, anti-discrimination, raise the level of AIDS awareness, enhance the proper guidance and care to reduce and eliminate discrimination against PLWHA.

关 键 词：流动人口 获得性免疫缺陷综合征 偏见 艾滋病病毒感染者和病人 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]