非肺炎型军团菌病的流行病学调查及防制措施研究  

Epidemic investigation and study of preventive measurements of Pontiac fever

作　　者：徐枫[1] 吴建华[1] 袁家麟[1] 陈云华[1] 丁宇[1] 毛宇明[1] 冯列亚 

机构地区：[1]上海市卢湾区疾病预防控制中心,上海200023 [2]上海市卢湾区瑞金二路社区卫生服务中心,上海200025

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2010年第3期249-252,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：上海市公共卫生优秀青年人才培养计划(08GWQ043)

摘　　要：目的了解非肺炎型军团菌病的流行病学特征,分析影响感染的因素,探索消除中央空调系统冷却水军团菌的有效方法。方法对抽样得到的3个场所不同人群收集1年呼吸道感染资料,对其中符合病例定义的对象开展入户流行病学调查,并采血检测军团菌抗体。开展3个场所军团菌污染情况调查,并分析环境污染与人群感染的关系。调查数据用SPSS13.0进行χ2检验、Logistic回归分析。结果符合病例军团菌阳性总检出率为16.47%,以Lp1感染为主。不同场所环境污染和人群感染差异有统计学意义(χ2=37.804,P<0.001;χ2=7.001,P=0.030)。38.18%的感染发生在7月份。平均病程3.48d。肌肉酸痛症状明显(OR=2.837)、鼻塞流涕少见(OR=0.386)。外出旅游(OR=4.774)、小区喷泉等景观喷淋设施(OR=7.363)与军团菌感染有关。结论发热人群中存在一定比例的非肺炎型军团菌感染。中央空调系统污染是导致军团菌感染的潜在危险因素之一。ZG微电脑杀菌器能有效杀灭军团菌。应加强军团菌监测、预防和控制,加强宣教提高居民防病意识。Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics and the factors that influence infection of Pontiac fever. Also we want to explore an optimal method to remove Legionnaires in cooling water of central air-conditioner system. Methods A one-year respiratory infection data were gathered in three different groups of people after sampling. A family investigation were carried out to those that meet the case definition and the serum were collected to test the Legionella bacteria antibody. An investigation were conducted on the Legionella pollution of three different places and the relationship between environmental pollution and people infection were analyzed. The method of data analysis was Х^2 test and Logistic by SPSS 13.0. Results The total positive rate was 16.47% , mainly LP1 infection; The differences of environmentally pollution and people infection in three different places was statistically significant （Х^2= 37.804,P〈0.001;Х^2 =7.001 ,P〈0.05）. The 38.18% of total infection occured in July. The average course was 3.48 days. Muscle soreness was common （OR =2. 837） in Pontiac fever but runny nose was rare （ OR = 0. 386）. The consistent 2 risk factors were traveling （ OR = 4. 774） and landscape sprinkler facilities in residential area （ OR = 7. 363）. Conelutions A certain proportion of Pontiac fever is existed in fever crowd. The Legionnaires pollution of central air-conditioner system is one of the potential risk factors of Legionella infection. ZG micro-computer bacterial killer can effectively kill the Legionnaires. We should enhance the surveillance,prevention and control of Legionellosis and extensively carry out the health education in community people.

关 键 词：非肺炎型军团菌病 流行病学研究 消除方法 

分 类 号：R378.992[医药卫生—病原生物学]