红毛丹炭疽病菌生物学特性研究  

Biological Characteristics of the Pathogenic Fungus Causing Anthracnose Infecting Rambutan

作　　者：贺春萍[1,2,3] 吴伟怀[1,2,3] 余贤美[1,2,3] 郑肖兰[1,2,3] 李锐[1,2,3] 涂胜[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南儋州571737 [2]农业部热带农林有害生物入侵监测与控制重点开放实验室,海南儋州571737 [3]海南省热带农业有害生物检测监控重点实验室,海南儋州571737 [4]海南大学环境与植物保护学院,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2010年第2期253-258,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(No.807040);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(No.2009hzs1J015.)资助

摘　　要：对红毛丹炭疽病病菌进行分离,鉴定病原菌为胶孢炭疽菌[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides（Penz.）Sacc.]。研究培养基、温度、湿度、pH值、光照、营养对红毛丹炭疽病菌生长和孢子萌发的影响。结果表明,该菌菌丝在PDA、CA和CZ培养基上生长较好,10~35℃下均能生长,适宜生长温度为25~28℃,分生孢子萌发的最适温度为28℃;病原菌在pH3~11都能生长,pH5~8生长较好,菌丝生长及孢子萌发最佳pH值为7;分生孢子在饱和湿度中萌发快,相对湿度低于99%时不能萌发;光照对病原菌的生长有明显的促进作用,病原菌的致死温度为：55℃,10min;PDA培养基中加入不同的糖对病原菌生长有明显的促进作用,以鼠李糖、果糖、半乳糖、麦芽糖、甘露糖和木糖最好;PDA培养基中添加2%的不同的无机氮源对病原菌的生长有明显的促进作用。A fungus causing rambutan anthracnose was collected and identified and the results showed that this pathogenic fungus was Colletotrichum gloeosporioides（Penz.）Sacc.This pathogen was cultured to observe the effects of medium,temperatures,pH values,light,carbon sources and moisture content on its mycelial growth and conidial germination.The mycelia of the pathogenic fungus grew better on the mediums PDA,CA and CZ,and could grow at the temperatures ranging from 10°C to 35°C,best at 25°C-28°C;conidia germinated best at 28°C.The pathogenic fungus grew at the pH values 3-11,and best at pH5~8,with pH7 being the best for the mycelial growth and conidial germination.Conidia germinated very fast at the relative humidity of 100%,but failed to do at the relative humidity of below 99%.Light obviously improved the growth of the pathogenic fungus.The lethal temperature for this fungus was 55°C for 10 minutes.The fungus grew obviously well when cultured on the PDA added with different carbon sources,the best being Rhamnose,Fructose,Galactose,Maltose,Mannitol and Xylose,and with 2% different inorganic nitrogen sources.

关 键 词：红毛丹 炭疽菌 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S432.4[农业科学—植物病理学]