全国艾滋病综合防治示范区(第一轮)吸毒人群行为干预效果分析研究  

Analysis on Effect of Behavioral Intervention for Drug Users with AIDS in China Comprehensive AIDS Response (the First Round)

作　　者：陈清峰[1] 丁彧[2] 赵畅[1] 李建华[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病控制中心,北京100050 [2]江苏省丹阳市疾病预防控制中心 [3]云南省药物依赖研究所

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2010年第4期632-635,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中央财政艾滋病防治专项

摘　　要：目的了解全国艾滋病综合防治示范区(本文统称示范区)工作开展以来,吸毒人群行为干预工作取得的效果以及产生的影响,分析研究存在问题,为下一步吸毒人群行为干预工作开展提供借鉴。方法收集2006和2007年示范区范围内的吸毒人群综合监测数据进行定量分析,2008年对吸毒人群深入访谈并进行定性分析。结果示范区共建立美沙酮维持治疗门诊60个,吸毒人群对"不共用注射器可以预防艾滋病"问题的知晓率2006年和2007年都保持在85%以上。针具发放回收率最高达到99.4%。吸毒人群最近一次与别人共用针具的比例2007年为12.1%,明显低于全国平均水平(20%);综合监测数据表明,2007年示范区吸毒人群的艾滋病病毒感染率与基线调查时相比较,基本处于一个稳定的水平。结论示范区开展对吸毒人群行为干预工作达到预期目标,通过宣传教育、针具交换、美沙酮维持治疗等手段降低了吸毒人群的感染和传播艾滋病病毒的危险性,取得了一些工作经验,但仍然面临许多挑战。Objective To determine the effect and impact of intervention for high-risk behaviors among drug users from the beginning of the first round of China Comprehensive AIDS Response （China CARES）,to analyze the problems in this study,and to provide the reference for conducting following behavioral intervention among drug users.Methods Sentinel surveillance data of drug users in China CARES area from 2006 to 2007 were collected and analyzed by quantitative analysis.At the same time,interview questionnaires with drug users in 2008 were also analyzed by qualitative analysis.Results Sixty methadone maintenance treatment clinics were set up in China CARES area.The awareness rate of the question ＂do not share syringes can prevent AIDS＂ maintained at more than 85% both in 2006 and 2007.The recovery rate of syringe distribution was up to 99.4%.The needle sharing rate in the last drug use act among drug users in 2007 was 12.1%,which was significantly lower than that of the national average level （20%）.Comprehensive surveillance data showed that the HIV infection rate among drug users in 2007 in China CARES area compared with that of the baseline survey was basically at a stable level.Conclusions The behavioral intervention carried out among drug users achieves the desired target.Through health education,syringe exchange,and methadone maintenance treatment,we can reduce the infection risk as well as spreading risk of HIV among drug users.We have gained some work experience,nevertheless we still face many challenges at the same time.

关 键 词：艾滋病 示范区 吸毒人群 行为干预 效果 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]