湖南省O139霍乱流行因素及预防控制措施研究报告  

Research of Epidemiological Factors and Control Measures for Vibro Cholera O139 in Hunan Province

作　　者：胡世雄[1] 邓志红[1] 高立冬[1] 湛志飞[1] 龙智钢[1] 曾亚雄[2] 龙正林 张红[1] 徐巧华[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410005 [2]衡阳市疾病预防控制中心 [3]衡阳县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2010年第4期651-653,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖南省卫生厅资助课题(B2003-135)

摘　　要：目的了解湖南省O139群霍乱的流行因素,探索有效的预防控制措施。方法通过现场流行病学调查、生态学研究分析湖南省O139霍乱高发区的流行因素;评估农村集体聚餐卫生指导和管理预防控制措施的效果。结果1997年以来湖南省共发生48起O139霍乱疫情中28起疫情与农村集体聚餐有关,就餐和使用就餐剩菜者O139霍乱弧菌检出率较高。农村聚餐中使用甲鱼和食品制作生熟不分的比率、人均甲鱼消耗量、甲鱼中O139霍乱弧菌检出率高发区均高于低发区,病人和带菌者分离到的O139霍乱弧菌和甲鱼中菌株的PFGE图谱相同,具有同源性。采取农村集体聚餐卫生指导和管理措施后,高发区未发现疫情,农村厨师和就餐人群的卫生习惯改善。结论湖南省O139霍乱疫情的发生与农村集体聚餐中使用被霍乱弧菌污染的水产品特别是甲鱼有关;农村集体聚餐中制作食品生熟不分和带剩菜回家食用是其主要的危险因素。加强农村集体聚餐卫生指导和管理是预防O139霍乱疫情发生的有效措施。Objective To study the epidemiological factors of Cholera O139 in Hunan Province,and to explore the effective preventive control measures.Methods Both field epidemiological study and ecological study were taken to analyze the epidemiological facors of Cholera O139 heavy-stricken areas in Hunan Province.Assessment of effects was used for health guidances for rural gathering-dinners and management of preventive control measures.Results Totally 48 Cholera O139 epidemic cases were reported since 1997,out of which 28 cases were linked to rural gathering-dinners.As compared with the others,a higher rate of Vibro Cholera O139 was detected both in those people particapating in the dinner gathering and eating the leftovers.As to frequencies of both use of turtles and production of foods mingled with raw and cooked ones,and per consumption of turtles,the detection rates of Cholera O139 in high incidence areas were all higher than those of low incidence areas.The spectrum of PFGE of Vibro Cholera O139 strains isolated from turtles enjoyed a high homology with those of the patients and the carried ones.With the guidance for rural gathering-dinner and mangement of preventive control measures,no Cholera O139 case was reported in high incidence areas,meanwhile,hygienic habits were improved among rural cooks and those dinner gathering people.Conclusion The outbreak of Cholera O139 epidemic in Hunan Province is linked to the use of contaminated sea food in rural gathering-dinner,and the turtles contaminated by Cholera O139 strain are the particular offenders.Producting food mingled with raw and cooked ones and eating the leftovers from above dinner gathering are the main risk factors of such outbreaks.Measures to strenghen the guidance for rural gathering-dinner and management are effective to prevent the outbreak of Cholera O139.

关 键 词：O139霍乱 流行因素 预防控制 

分 类 号：R516.5[医药卫生—内科学]