兰州市霾日与气象参数和空气质量的关系  

Relationship between haze occurrence and meteorological parameters and the air quality in Lanzhou city

作　　者：崔冬林[1] 王式功[1] 尚可政[1] 周甘霖[1] 马敏劲[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第2期26-32,38,共8页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAC29B03);国家自然科学基金项目(40675077)

摘　　要：利用1961-2006年兰州市的常规气象观测资料及探空资料和兰州市2001-2005年的空气污染监测资料,统计分析了各种气象因子对兰州市霾的出现的影响及相关关系,同时研究了霾对空气质量的影响.研究表明当地面静风或风速较小(≤2 m/s)、气压场减弱、连续不降水日数达到28天以上时,最有利于霾的形成;不同时次霾出现的相对湿度条件有很大的不同,在14:00和20:00霾的出现次数均随湿度的增加而减少,而在2:00和8:00时则相反,霾出现次数随湿度的增加而增加;当有低空逆温层出现时,尤其是冬半年,极有利于霾的发生,且逆温层厚度越大,霾发生的可能性就越高;霾日的空气质量等级大多在轻微污染及以上,空气污染与霾日的出现有很大的相关性.Conventional meteorological data and sounding data on Lanzhou from 1961 to 2006 and the air pollution monitoring data from 2001 to 2005 were used to analyze the various meteorological factors affecting the occurrence of haze in Lanzhou and the correlativity was also used to analyze the impact of haze on air quality. The results showed that the best conditions are the wind near the ground of a velocity under 2 m/s and the reduced air pressure field and non-consecutive days of precipitation over 28 d to the occurrence of haze. The result also showed that the haze occurs at different times, when the relative humidity conditions are different. When the haze occurs on 14：00 and 20：00, the haze days decrease as the relative humidity increases. On the contrary, when the haze occurs at 2：00 and 8：00, the haze days increase as the relative humidity increases. When a low-altitude temperature inversion occurs, especially in winter for half a year, it is favorable to the occurrence of haze, and the greater thickness of the inversion layer, the more possible the occurrence of haze; the air quality of most of the haze-days is at the slight pollution level and above; and there is a great correlativity between air pollution and the occurrence of haze.

关 键 词：霾 气象因子 相关关系 逆温 空气质量 兰州市 

分 类 号：X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]