垂直降膜式吸收机内布液器的实验研究  

Experimental Study on Liquid Distributor of Absorption Heat Pump with Falling Film Outside Vertical Tube

作　　者：孙健[1] 胡鹏[1] 付林[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑技术科学系,北京100084

出　　处：《制冷学报》2010年第2期17-21,共5页Journal of Refrigeration

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2007BAB23B01)资助项目;北京市科技计划:利用电厂循环水余热的供热技术研究与应用示范(D07040600560701)项目资助~~

摘　　要：吸收式热泵技术由于能有效利用低势热能而节约高品位的电能,已经成为一项重要的节能技术。吸收器是吸收式热泵的最重要的部件,其性能主要取决于换热管的传热与传质系数,而传热管表面液体降膜状态对传热和传质系数将产生直接影响。布液器是实现液体降膜的关键部件,而目前国内外鲜有相关研究。针对这种现状,共试制了四种规格的布液器样品,针对Φ19和Φ25的紫铜光管与强化换热管进行了管外垂直降膜布液实验,得到了各种布液器布液流量与静液柱高度关系的实验数据,并且拟合了布液器的流量系数与雷诺数的函数关系。根据实验结果提出了优化布液的方法,并用于指导热泵机组的设计。优化后的布液器已经被成功应用于国内首台供热量为1.3MW垂直降膜式吸收式热泵机组样机。The absorption heat pump technology has been an important building energy-saving technology due to its effective utilization of low-grade heat energy and electrical energy saving.The absorber performance is mainly determined by heat transfer and mass transfer coefficients of tubes which are directly influenced by falling film distribution on the surface of heat transfer tubes.The liquid distributor is a critical part for realizing falling film.In this research,four liquid distributor samples with different types were manufactured and the experiment on liquid falling film outside vertical tubes was conducted using Φ19 and Φ25 copper tubes.The relationship between liquid the static height and the liquid flux of each distributor was analyzed and achieved.The correlation of the flux coefficient and the Renault number for each liquid distributor was obtained.In addition,the method to improve liquid distribution performance was presented on the basis of the experimental results.An optimized liquid distributor has been successfully applied in the first prototype of vertical falling film absorption heat pumps in China.

关 键 词：热工学 吸收式热泵 垂直降膜 布液器 流量系数 

分 类 号：TQ051.5[化学工程] TK172[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]