美沙酮维持治疗和艾滋病自愿咨询检测对注射吸毒者危险行为的影响  

Methadone Maintenance Treatment and HIV Counseling and Testing are Associated with Reduction of Needle Sharing and Unprotected Sex Behaviors among Injection Drug Users

作　　者：毛雯雯[1] 冯燎[2] 赖文红[2] 张灵麟[2] 南磊[3] 李春霞[4] 王玫[5] 廖玫珍[5] 姜宝法[1] 萧燕[6] 贾玉江 

机构地区：[1]山东大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学研究所,山东济南250012 [2]四川省疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041 [3]凉山州疾病预防控制中心,四川凉山州615000 [4]攀枝花市疾病预防控制中心,四川攀枝花617000 [5]山东省疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250014 [6]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心,北京100050 [7]美国范德比尔特大学,美国纳什维尔37203

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2010年第4期289-292,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：Vanderbilt-Meharry-CFAR/NIH # P30 AI 54999[2009-2010]

摘　　要：[目的]了解美沙酮维持治疗与艾滋病自愿咨询检测对注射吸毒者共针行为和不保护性性行为的影响。[方法]2006～2008年,在四川省凉山彝族自治州、攀枝花市,对2530名注射吸毒者进行调查,采用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析共针行为和不保护性性行为的影响因素。[结果]合计调查2530人,47.75%曾与同伴共针。与固定性伴、临时性伴、商业性行为安全套使用率,上次性行为时分别为18.40%、26.64%、43.91%,过去1年内总是使用率分别为5.90%、10.47%、20.17%。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果,仅接受美沙酮维持治疗(OR=0.41)和同时接受2种干预(OR=0.31)为减少共针行为的因素,也是减少不保护性性行为的因素(OR=0.32、0.31)。此外,少数民族、文化程度低、性伴吸毒是增加共针行为的因素,少数民族、男性、凉山州是增加不保护性性行为的因素。[结论]仅接受美沙酮维持治疗和同时再接受艾滋病自愿咨询检测均可能减少注射吸毒者的共用针具行为和不保护性性行为。[Objective]To investigate the impact of methadone maintenance treatment（MMT） and HIV counseling and testing （VCT） on needle-sharing and unprotected sex behaviors among injection drug users（IDUs）.[Methods]Three annual cross-sectional surveys were carried out among IDUs in Liangshan and Panzhihua prefectures in 2006,2007,and 2008,respectively.Data were analyzed with Multivariable Logistic Regression.[Results]Of 2 530 participants,47.75% reported shared needles;Of 953 participants,the rates of condom use in sexual acts last time were 18.40%,26.64%,43.91% respectively with regular,casual and commercial sex partners;the ＂Always＂ condom-use rates in the last year were 5.90%,10.47%,20.17% respectively.Multivariate Logistic Regression model found that,MMT-only（OR=0.41）,both MMT and VCT（OR=0.31） were independently associated with sharing needle reduction,but receiving VCT-only（P〉0.05） was not.MMT-only（OR=0.32） and both MMT and VCT（OR=0.31） were also independently associated with unprotected sex behaviors.[Conclusion]The uptake of MMT alone or MMT and VCT together are both independently associated with reduction of needle-sharing and unprotected sex behaviors.Efforts to effectively integrating both MMT and VCT programs could further improve the impact of intervention program in decreasing the risky behaviors.

关 键 词：注射吸毒者 共用针具 自愿咨询检测 美沙酮维持治疗 不保护性性行为 

分 类 号：R521.91[医药卫生—内科学]