不同覆盖条件对土壤水分蒸发的影响  

Effect of Different Mulching Conditions on Soil Moisture Evaporation

作　　者：冀宏[1] 黄雄[1] 郑健[1] 樊新建[1,2] 张卫勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学,甘肃兰州730050 [2]南京水利水电科学研究院,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2010年第4期29-32,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：兰州理工大学科研发展基金资助项目(BS06200901)

摘　　要：通过对景泰县兰州理工大学大规模荒漠改良工化试验基地土壤在不同覆盖条件下的水分蒸发量进行了对比试验研究。试验结果表明:土壤表面增加覆盖物可以有效的降低土壤蒸发;随覆盖物厚度的增加,土壤水分蒸发量逐渐降低;1、3、57、cm麦秸覆盖条件下土壤水分蒸发量比纯土分别降低20.9%、51.5%、67.5%、74.5%;1、3、5、7cm沙石覆盖条件下土壤水分蒸发量分别比纯土降低25.9%、48.9%、60.6%、70.8%;同时,连续17天测定结果表明,相同厚度情况下,麦秸覆盖下土壤蒸发量明显小于砂石覆盖的土壤水分蒸发量,5 cm厚覆盖物时,砂石是纯土的60.6%,麦秸是纯土的67.5%。试验表明同一时间段内不同覆盖条件下的土壤水分蒸发差异明显。Contrastive experimental study on the soil moisture evaporation under different mulching conditions is conducted in the Large-scale Desert-improvement work base of Lanzhou University of Technology in JingTai county of Gansu Province.The results show that coverage can reduce soil evaporation effectively.The thicker the coverage is,the soil evaporation reduce more obviously.The moisture evaporation of soil with different thickness of wheat straw mulching of 1 cm,3 cm,5 cm and 7 cm,are lower than soil with no mulching at 20.9%,51.5%,67.5% and 74.5%,respectively.And the moisture evaporation of soil with different thickness of sand stone mulching of 1cm,3 cm,5 cm and 7 cm are lower than soil with no mulching at 25.95%,48.9%,60.6% and 70.8%,respectively.The moisture evaporation of soil with wheat straw mulching is much lower the soil with sand stone mulching in the same thickness mulching.The moisture evaporation of soil with 5 cm sand stone mulching and 5 cm wheat straw mulching are 60.6% and 67.5% of soil with no mulching,respectively.The test also show that the cumulative evaporation of soil under different condition in the same time is much different.

关 键 词：土壤蒸发量 覆盖物厚度 覆盖物 

分 类 号：TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程]