苜蓿切叶蜂的授粉应用与发展前景  

The Application and Prospect of Leafcutter Bee (Megachile rotuntata F.) for Pollinaton

作　　者：徐希莲[1] 陈强[1] 王凤贺[1] 杨甫[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院农业科技信息研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《北方园艺》2010年第7期201-203,共3页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：北京市科技新星计划资助项目(2005B34)

摘　　要：我国是一个发展中的苜蓿生产大国,但苜蓿种子产量一直不高,主要原因是苜蓿开花期间得不到充足的授粉。切叶蜂因其独特的生物学特性及其与苜蓿花朵的协同进化作用,已被证实是为苜蓿授粉最有效的昆虫,在畜牧业发达的国家,应用切叶蜂为苜蓿授粉已成为苜蓿种子生产过程中不可缺少的措施之一。为解决苜蓿授粉难题,国内曾引进苜蓿切叶蜂,但由于寄生蜂比率较高现难以规模化生产繁育,同时也给国内苜蓿上的野生传粉蜂带来生态危险,所以开发国内苜蓿授粉用切叶蜂资源势在必行。现在查阅国内外大量相关文献基础上,对国内外苜蓿切叶蜂的授粉应用情况进行了概述,同时对其授粉应用前景进行了展望。China is a developing alfalfa-producing country, but the alfalfa seed yield is always low mainly due to lack of adequate pollination during the flowering season of alfalfa. Because of its special biological characteristics and mutualism relationship with alfalfa flowers, the leafcutter bee has been proved to be the most effective pollinator for alfalfa, and becomes one of indispensable means to produce the seeds of alfalfa in developed animal husbandry country. Megachile rotundata had been introduced to solve problem of deficient pollination of alfalfa in China, but the rate of parasitic wasps is too high to mass production, as well as the potential ecological risk on the domestic wild alfalfa leafcutter bees, so developing the domestic alfalfa leafcutter bees is imperative. In this paper, the application of alfalfa leafcutter bee for pollination was summarized on the basis of a large number of relevant literature both at home and abroad, and prospect on the future pollination application was given.

关 键 词：切叶蜂 苜蓿 授粉 

分 类 号：S551.7[农业科学—作物学]