以醇类为助溶剂的乙醇柴油混合燃料的试验研究  

Research on ethanol-diesel fuels with alcohol as co-solvent

作　　者：李会芬[1] 余红东[1] 黄锦成[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学机械工程学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《广西大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第2期282-285,共4页Journal of Guangxi University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：广西科技攻关项目(桂科攻0630004-4A);广西大学科研基金项目(DD010021)

摘　　要：为了研究醇类在乙醇柴油混合燃料中的助溶效果,以及添加醇类助溶剂后,柴油机燃用乙醇柴油混合燃料的排放性能,分别做了助溶试验和排放性能试验。助溶试验时,选择碳原子数依次增大的正丁醇、正庚醇、正癸醇作为助溶剂,按柴油、乙醇、助溶剂的体积比为75∶20∶5的比例,分别在温度为0、10、20、30℃的恒温条件下配制混合燃料,摇匀静置,观察互溶情况和分层时间,结果发现,柴油乙醇直接混合会立即产生分层;加入助溶剂后会提高互溶效果,过一段时间才会分层;10℃以上环境均能保证柴油乙醇燃料稳定互溶15 d以上;随温度的升高和助溶剂碳原子数的增加稳定互溶时间有增大趋势。排放试验在一台YC6 J170-21车用柴油机上进行,在100%负荷率下,分别测试不同助溶剂的柴油乙醇燃料的CO、HC、NOx和碳烟的排放,结果表明,与纯柴油相比,柴油乙醇燃料的CO排放没有增加;中高转速下,HC和碳烟排放明显下降;NOx排放全程下降;以正丁醇为助溶剂的柴油乙醇燃料的CO、HC、NOx和碳烟的排放最低。Both the solvent effect and emissions of the ethanol-diesel blended fuel with alcohol as cosolvent were investigated in this study. In solvent experiments, three different co-solvents including 1-butanol, 1-heptanol and 1-decanol were added into proportions of diesel; ethanol and co-solvent were 75： ethanol-diesel fuel, respectively. The volume 20：5. After forming a homogenous mixture, by shaking and mixing, the blended fuels were observed for separation at 0, 10, 20 and 30℃, respectively. It was found that diesel was not capable of dissolving ethanol without co-solvent, but the blend was stable for at least 15 days at 10℃ when the co-solvent was added. The stability of the diesel-ethanol blend increased with the increase of temperature and the increase in carbon numbers of the carbon bone of the co-solvent. The emission experiments were perform on a YC6J170-21 diesel engine operating at 100% load with alcohol-ethanol-diesel blended fuel. The results showed that compared to pure diesel, CO emission increased and the emissions of HC and smoke decreased at a medium and high speed, and NOx emission decreased at all speeds. The level of the emissions of 1- butanol-ethanol-diesel blended fuel was the lowest among three blended fuels.

关 键 词：乙醇 柴油 混合燃料 助溶剂 醇类 排放 

分 类 号：TK428.9[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]