民航飞行人员ApoB3＇VNTR多态性分布特点及高血脂的影响因素  

Distribution characteristics of ApoB3＇VNTR and hyperlipemia correlation factors in civil aircrew

作　　者：朱峰[1] 陈蔚茹[1] 陈小飞 梁立权 冯英进[1] 张涛 杨健 赵荣浦 陈亮 朱宏海 吴宇坤 

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学航空医学研究所,天津300300 [2]南航新疆分公司航医室 [3]东航西北分公司航医室 [4]西北民航医院化验科

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2010年第3期195-199,共5页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（60672175,30370358）（天津市第三中心医院分子生物学实验室高英堂研究员、王鹏助理研究员及西北民航管理局、西安民航医院的同仁们对本工作给予了帮助和支持,志谢）

摘　　要：目的 研究民航飞行人员载脂蛋白B基因3＇端高可变区串联重复序列（ApoB3＇VNTR）多态性及该群体高血脂产生的影响因素.方法 聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增目的 基因,琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析PCR产物.血脂测定用常规试剂盒.一般信息采用问卷调查.结果 民航飞行人员血脂异常率（49.5%）及体质量指数（BMI）异常率（55.6%）明显高于同年龄段国内男性普通人员（分别为29.2%和49.1%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）. 2个航空公司682名飞行人员共检测到ApoB3＇VNTR 16种等位基因和54种基因型,两地的等位基因和基因型频率分布趋势一致,但与国内普通汉族人比较有明显差异.主要特点为飞行人员纯合子的频率（76.54%）明显高于国内外普通人群（21.50%）.血脂异常者大等位基因（VNTR≥39）频率分布高于血脂正常者.协方差分析发现,BMI、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和总胆同醇水平（TC）均随累计飞行小时的变化而变化,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.多因素logistic回归分析显示,BMI是唯一影响血脂的因素,而累计飞行小时又是影响BMI的唯一因素.BMI（Y）与累计飞行小时对数（X）的直线回归方程为：（Y）=2.730X＋13.584（R^2=0.159,P〈0.01）.结论 民航飞行人员ApoB3＇VN-TR多态性可能有特殊的遗传学特点.大等位基因与血脂水平升高有关.飞行负荷可直接影响飞行人员的血脂水平和BMI,也可间接通过BMI影响飞行人员的血脂水平.Objective To study the frequency distribution in polymorphism of the apoprotein B 3＇ variable number tandem repeat （ApoB3~＇VNTR） and influence factors on hyperlipemia in civil aircrew.Methods ApoB genetypes were determined by PCR technology and agarose gel electrophoresis. The blood lipids were measured by routine kits. Personal information of flight personnel was collected by questionnaire.Results Prevalence of the total dyslipidemia （49.5%） and overweight （55.6%） of flight personnel were much higher than that of domestic general population （29.2% and 49.1%） respectively （P〈0.05）. There were 16 al-leles and 54 kinds of genotypes of ApoB3~＇ VNTR in the 682 flight personnel. The frequency distribution of al-leles and genotypes of aircrew in the two air companies had same trend, which was different from the general population. The frequency of the homozygote was 76.54%, which was much higher than that of the other peoples home and abroad （21.50%）.The frequency of the big allele （VNTR=39） in hyperlipemia groups were higher than that of normal groups. By analysis of co-variance, the body mass index （BMI）, low density lipoprotein （LDL） and the total cholesterol （TC） increased with the cumulate flight hours （P〈0.05）. In multi-variate logistic regression analysis, the BMI was the only factor influencing blood lipids, and the cumulate flight hours was only factors affecting the BMI. Taking the cumulate flight hours logarithm as the independent variable （X）, and the BMI as dependent variable（Y）, the linearity equations was： （Y）=2.730X＋13.584（R^2=0.159, P〈0.01）.Conclusion There are perhaps special genetic characteristics in the polymorphism of the ApoB3＇ VNTR in the aircrew. The big allele is correlated with the hyperlipemia. The flight burden not only directly affects the BMI and blood lipids levels, but also it can indirectly affect the lipids levels by BMI.

关 键 词：航天医学 载脂蛋白B类 多态性 单核苷酸 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]