基于地名志的东北历史时期土地利用变化研究——以吉林省镇赉县为例  

Application of Toponymy to the Historical LUCC Researches in Northeast China——Taking Zhenlai County of Jilin Province as An Example

作　　者：吕妍[1,2] 张树文[2,1] 杨久春[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地球科学学院,长春130061 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130012 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2010年第2期174-179,共6页Journal of Geo-information Science

摘　　要：研究历史时期的土地利用与土地覆被变化,对于人类的生产活动有着重要的借鉴意义。本文以吉林省镇赉县为例,探讨了地名志等历史资料在确定东北地区大规模开发利用初始年限研究中的应用,并结合重分类、重心转移分析、叠加分析方法,分析了镇赉县地名志等史料记载的土地开发利用特征。结果表明:在康熙年间和1853年,镇赉县先后有过有记载的定居后小范围开垦活动,而直到1875年开始持续的土地开垦利用,此前镇赉县基本上处于自然状态。在技术手段不发达的早期,村屯的演变过程与土地开发利用过程是相辅相成的,因此,从村屯演变特征来看,1907-1912年期间土地开发利用最为突出;到1975年时,镇赉县村屯格局基本形成,而此时的土地开发利用活动已由个人行为转变为集体的机械化。在开禁等政策、自然灾害,以及战争等影响下,镇赉县土地开发呈由东部和中部的平坦地区向西部地势较高地区扩展的过程。Researches on historical land use and land cover change（LUCC） have important significance for the future human activities.In this paper,taking Zhenlai County of Jilin Province as the study area,the application of toponymy and other correlative historical data to acquire the beginning period of large-scale land reclamation in Northeast China was discussed.And integrating with reclassification methods,centroid transfer analysis and overlay analysis,the characteristics of residential area evolvement and land development in Zhenlai County were analyzed according to the historical records in the toponymy and so on.It was documented that during the Kangxi Period in Qing Dynasty or 1853,there were small-scale of land reclamation along with the settlement activities in Zhenlai County.From about 1875 on,the land reclamation became continuous,while it was almost in a natural state before.In the early days,with lagging techniques,the evolution of villages and land development process were interactional.Therefore,from the view of village evolution,we could deduce it was the most prominent period for land reclamation during 1907-1912;and by 1975,the village pattern in Zhenlai County was formed and stable,at the same time the land reclamation activities has transformed from individual behavior into the collective and mechanized farming.In brief,under the influences of various policies in Northeast China and natural disasters and wars,land development in Zhenlai County expanded from the eastern and central flat regions to the western high-lying areas.

关 键 词：地名志 历史时期 村屯演变 土地开发 镇赉县 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]