健康教育对住院老年痴呆患者一级亲属心理健康状况的影响  

The influence of health education on mental health for the first-level family members of dementia inpatients

作　　者：沈凤花[1] 易正辉[1] 诸凤芳[1] 张菊妹 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心,201108

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2010年第5期523-526,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨健康教育对住院老年痴呆患者一级亲属心理健康状况的影响。方法对75名符合人组标准的住院老年痴呆患者一级亲属，实施健康教育3个月，分别于健康教育前、后，应用症状自评量表（SCL-90）、自制健康知识知晓情况调查表进行评定，以了解其心理健康状况及对健康知识知晓情况。结果健康教育前，老年痴呆一级亲属抑郁、焦虑因子分分别为（1．70±0．50）分、（1．70±0．59）分，均高于国内常模，而在阳性症状均分、人际关系及偏执因子分上低于常模，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）；健康教育后SCL-90总分及各因子分（除偏执外）均低于健康教育前，有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；对健康知识知晓率（除为何与患者沟通外）均有提高（P〈0．01）。结论住院老年痴呆患者一级亲属存在一定的焦虑、抑郁情绪，健康教育可改善住院老年痴呆患者一级亲属的负性心理状况，了解相关疾病知识和基本护理技巧，提高应对能力，正确面对亲人疾病。Objective To explore the influence of health education on mental health for the first-level family members of dementia inpatients. Methods Seventy-five first-level family members of dementia inpatients were chosen to have a three-month course on health education, before and after which SCL-90 and self-made questionnaires were used to evaluate the mental health and the health knowledge. Results Before the health education, compared with the domestic norm, the factor scores of depression and anxiety of the first-level family members of dementia inpatients were higher [ （ 1.70 ± 0. 50） and （ 1.70 ± 0.59）, respectively ], which was statistically significant （P 〈 0. 01 ）; while the factor scores of positive symptoms, interpersonal relationship and paranoia were lower than those of the norm [ （2.44±0.43）, （1.37 ±0.46） and （1.24 ±0.38）, respectively], which was also statistically significant （P 〈0. 05 or P 〈0. 01 ） ; after the health education, the total score of SCL- 90 and each factor score （except that of paranoia） of the first-level family members of dementia inpatients were lower than those before the health education, which was statistically significant （P 〈 0. 01 ） ; the number of the first-level family members of dementia inpatients who knew about the health knowledge （ except the reasons to communicate with the patients） was significantly bigger （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conduslons To some degree, the first-level family members of dementia inpatients are anxious and depressive. The health education can not only improve their negative psychological state and their coping abilities but also make them know more about the disease and the basic nursing skills so that they can face it right.

关 键 词：健康教育 住院老年痴呆 一级亲属 心理健康 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]