标准设定:步骤、方法与评价指标  

Standard Setting:Steps,Methods and Evaluating Criteria

作　　者：李珍[1] 辛涛[1] 陈平[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学心理学院 [2]北京师范大学

出　　处：《考试研究》2010年第2期83-95,共13页Examinations Research

基　　金：新世纪优秀人才支持计划;北京师范大学应用实验心理北京市重点实验室规划项目资助(JD100270541)

摘　　要：标准设定(standard setting)是划分标准的过程,指在测验分数分布中划分出两类或两类以上的分界分数。通过标准设定,考生可以被分为"通过"和"未通过",或者是被分为更多的有序表现类别。标准设定是标准参照测验的重要组成部分,也可为测验决策者提供关于测验效度的依据,是目前测量领域一个颇受关注的研究问题。本文首先回顾了标准设定的源起和发展历程,然后详细地介绍了标准设定的基本步骤和几种主要的标准设定方法,评估标准设定过程的指标,最后简单论述了在国内各类考试中应用标准设定的必要性。Standard setting is the process in which two or more categories of cut -scores are set in the distribution of test scores. Candidates are defined as ＂pass＂ or ＂ fail＂ according to their scores, or divided into more ordinal performance categories. Standard setting is not only an important part of criteria-referenced test, but also provides validity evidence for decision makers, and so is becoming more and more popular with researchers in this area. This paper reviews the origin and development of standard setting first, then in detail introduces the basic steps and major methods of standard setting, some criteria for judging the process and outcomes of standard setting, and at last discusses the necessity of implementation standard setting methods for the varieties of tests in China.

关 键 词：标准设定 标准设定方法 评价指标 

分 类 号：G449.7[哲学宗教—心理学]