办公环境不良建筑综合征及相关危险因素的初步研究  

Investigation of Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) and Related Risk Factors in People Working in Office Environment

作　　者：苏畅[1] 舒正[1] 叶江伟[1] 陶辉[1] 潘小川[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,北京100191

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2010年第3期238-241,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划子课题(2006BAJ02A10-06)

摘　　要：目的调查北京市办公环境中不良建筑综合征(sickbuildingsyndrome,SBS)的发生率,并探讨与其发生相关的危险因素。方法于2009年4月中旬采用自填问卷的方式共调查北京城区16间中小型办公室,102名室内办公人员。问卷包括主观症状的发生情况、环境自我感知情况、社会心理信息以及健康自我感知状况。与此同时,监测建筑物的室内环境因素。数据采用广义线性模型及多水平模型进行建模、分析。结果室内办公人员SBS相关症状的发生率为67.4%(62/92)。依据单因素方差分析结果,与SBS症状发生呈正相关的因素有办公室内使用复印机、自觉温度过高、自觉光线过亮、自觉通风不良、自觉灰尘过多、自觉环境嘈杂、自觉空气发霉、自觉有辐射、工作满意度差、自觉健康状况差(P<0.05)。广义线性模型结果显示工作压力及自觉健康状况与SBS症状的发生相关(P<0.05)。结论办公环境中SBS的发生很常见,应更多关注于其危险因素的研究。Objective To investigate the prevalence of sick building syndrome （SBS） and explore the related risk factors in the people working in office environment in Beijing. Methods A cross-sectional study design was made in the present paper in April 2009. One hundred and two employees in 16 small and moderate offices in three different buildings in Beijing were investigated with the questionnaire for their subjective symptoms, environmental perceptions, psychosocial information and health situation. The indoor environmental factors of the buildings were monitored based on the standardized procedures at the same time. Generalized linear model and multilevel model were used for the data analysis. Results The prevalence rate of symptoms for sick building syndrome was 67.4%. The prevalence rate of SBS symptoms was positively associated with the self-feelings of the subject to high temperature, insufficient ventilation indoors, work stress, satisfaction for job and health complains, as well as with using photocopier in office by ANOVA（P〈0.05）. Also, it was proved that work stress and self-feeling of health were associated with the prevalence rate of SBS symptoms by generalized linear model （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The prevalence rate of SBS is obviously higher in the investigated office environment and the related risk factors should be concerned in the future.

关 键 词：不良建筑综合征 办公环境 工作压力 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]