3种典型纳米材料对大鼠肺的毒性效应  

Pulmonary Toxicity of Three Typical Nanomaterials on Rats

作　　者：刘焕亮[1] 袭著革[1] 张华山[1] 杨丹凤[1] 杨红莲[1] 林治卿[1] 刘丽华[1] 林本成[1] 闫峻[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院卫生学环境医学研究所,天津300050

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2010年第4期299-302,F0003,共5页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展规划(863)项目(2006AA032330)

摘　　要：目的探讨纳米银(Nano-Ag)、纳米氧化锌(Nano-ZnO)、纳米二氧化钛(Nano-TiO2)对大鼠的肺毒性效应及其作用机制。方法将42只健康SPF级Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为7组,分别为对照(小牛血清)组和高(17.5mg/kg)、低剂量(3.5mg/kg)纳米银、纳米二氧化钛、纳米氧化锌染毒组,每组6只。采用非暴露式气管内注入法进行染毒,隔日染毒1次,染毒5周。检测支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中的氧化损伤指标和炎性因子。结果 3种纳米材料均能诱发大鼠肺部炎症,导致肺泡结构破坏、纤维组织增生和形成小脓肿。氧化损伤指标显示,3种纳米材料均可导致BALF中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力明显下降(纳米二氧化钛除外),还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量显著下降,丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮(NO)浓度显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3种纳米材料各剂量染毒组肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)显著升高(除低剂量纳米二氧化钛与纳米银染毒组外),巨噬细胞炎症蛋白-2(MIP-2)含量升高(除纳米二氧化钛染毒组外),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),纳米银染毒组白介素(-IL-6)水平显著升高(P<0.05),但对白介素-1(IL-1)无影响。结论 3种纳米材料均能对大鼠肺组织造成毒性损伤,可引起炎症反应和氧化损伤。Objective To investigate the toxic effect of lung and mechanism induced by silver nanoparticles （Nano-Ag）,zinc oxide nanoparticles （ Nano-ZnO）and titanium dioxide nanoparticles （Nano-TiO2） on rats. Methods Forty-two Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups randomly,including the control group,low （3.5 mg/kg） and high （17.5 mg/kg） dose groups of three nanomaterials. The rats were exposed by intratracheal instillation once two days for 5 weeks, and then killed by abdominal aorta bloodletting. The pathological examinations of rat lungs were performed,malondialdehyde （MDA）,superoxide dismutase （SOD）, reduced glutathione （ GSH ）, nitrogen oxide （ NO ）, interleukin- 1 （IL- 1）, in terleukin-6 （IL-6）, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and macrophage inflammatory protein （MIP-2） in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） were detected. Results The results of histopathological analysis indicated that the fibrous tubercle ,puhnonary alveoli destruction and the matrix inflammation of lung tissue appeared in the exposure groups. The activities of SOD in three kinds of nanoparticles groups （except for Nano-TiO2 subgroup） significantly decreased （P〈0.05） as compared with control. The GSH concentrations in three kinds of nanoparticles groups significantly decreased （P〈0.05） while the MDA and NO concentrations significantly increased （P〈0.05） as compared with control. In addition, the concentrations of TNF-α in three kinds of nanopartieles groups （except for 3.5 mg/kg Nano-TiO2 and Nano- Ag subgroup） significantly increased （P〈0.05） and the concentrations of MIP-2 significantly increased （except for Nano-TiO2 subgroup ）（P〈0.05） as compared with control.The IL-6 concentrations in Nano-Ag groups significantly increased （P〈0.05） while there is no significantly different in the concentrations of IL-1. Conclusion Three typical nanomaterials can cause damage to lung of rats after airway exposure, and bring oxidative damage and inflammator

关 键 词：纳米银 纳米氧化锌 纳米二氧化钛 肺泡灌洗液 氧化损伤 炎性因子 脂质过氧化 

分 类 号：R994.6[医药卫生—毒理学]