线粒体DNA及其提取方法  

Mitochondrial DNA and mtDNA Extraction

作　　者：宋凯[1] 陈文武[1] 吴江涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]徐州生物工程高等职业学校,江苏徐州221006

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2010年第4期777-779,共3页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

摘　　要：线粒体是存在于绝大多数真核细胞内的一种基本的重要的细胞器,其具有相对独立的遗传系统。线粒体基因在真核生物具有高保守性,线粒体DNA(mtDNA)已被广泛应用于发病机理、临床诊断、遗传变异、生物进化等多方面的研究。1981年,Anderson用氯化铯密度梯度分离得到线粒体DNA(mtDNA),进行了全序列分析。此后,mtDNA的研究日益得到重视。已有的mtDNA提取方法概括起来可分为密度梯度离心法、酶消化法、柱层析法、氯化铯超速离心法、碱变性法和改进高盐沉淀法等,通过对以上方法的比较,发现改进高盐沉淀法具有简便、经济、易重复等优点。Mitochondrial is an important energy-producing organelle that can be get in many cells , and it is involved in the events of growth , development ,age , apoptosis and disease. The study on mitochondrial genome is one hot field in recent molecular biology. Mitochondrial DNA is widely used in the studying field of mechanism of disease,heredity breeding of animals, evolution of creatures, and many valuable results have been obtained.Some methods about mtDNA extraction have been adopted such as density-gradient centrifugation,enzyme digestion, high speed centrifugation, column chro-matography and Alkaline Lysis. We also compared these methods about mitochondrial DNA extraction in this paper.

关 键 词：线粒体 MTDNA 提取方法 

分 类 号：Q75[生物学—分子生物学] Q78