滇西云南松母树林结实性能的研究  

Study on Fruit Setting of Pinus yunnanensis Seed Production Standin West of Yunnan

作　　者：陈强[1] 董福美[1] 常恩福[1] 范国才[1] 尹嘉庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省林业科学院

出　　处：《云南林业科技》1998年第3期1-11,共11页Yunnan Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：１０余年来在腾冲县古永林场对滇西地区云南松母树林的结实性能进行了试验研究。经观测和统计分析，结果表明：云南松优良林分经疏伐营建的母树林能够促进林木的生长发育，提高母树的结实量和种子品质。１９９３～１９９５年试验林的平均单株结实量和单位面积结实量分别是对照的３９倍和１３５倍，１９９４年种子的发芽率和发芽势分别比对照高６３７％和２０２％；母树的结实性状较为稳定，个体间具一定程度的偏雌和偏雄现象，其单株结实量的频率分布呈对数正态分布〔ＬＮ（μ、σ２）〕，在母树林分中结实少的个体较多，而结实多的个体较少；一般隔２～３年出现一次大年，大小年间结实量差异极大，大年是小年的３６２倍；滇西地区产的云南松球果和种子相对较小，千粒重为１３６４０ｇ，有效产量为结实量的７０％左右；现行良种价格已阻碍了良种的生产，据估算，较合理的价格为１８０元／ｋｇ左右，需尽快进行价格调整，以利于良种的推广和应用。The results of observation and statistical analysis on fruit setting of Pinus yunnanensis seed production stand in Guyong forest farm of Tengchong county in west of Yunnan indicated as following aspects:The growth,development,fruit setting amount and seed quality of Pinus yunnanensis seed tree can be improved by thinning superior stand.From 1993 to 1995,the average individual fruit setting amount and per unit area fruit setting amount of test forest were 3 9 and 1 35 times as high as those of control respectively,the germination percent and germination energy of 1994 were higher than control by 6 37% and 20 2% respectively.The fruit setting character of Pinus yunnanensis seed tree was stable,the ratios of female cones to male cones of some individual exceeded the normal ratio.The frequency distribution of individual fruit setting amount was logarithmic normal distribution LN(μ、σ 2) ,the number of individual with high fruit setting was small while that of individual with low fruit setting was large.On year emerged every 2～3 years,the fruit setting amount of on year was 3 62 times the amount of off year.The cone and seed of Pinus yunnanensis in west of Yunnan were small comparatively, 1 000 seed weight was 13 640g,the effective production was about 70% of fruit setting.Current price of superior seed was an important factor which hindered the production of high quality seed,it has been estimated that the reasonable price was about 180 yuan/kg,the price should be adjusted so as to fit the popularization and application of high quality Pinus yunnanensis seed.

关 键 词：云南松 母树林 结实性能 成本估算 

分 类 号：S791.257[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S722.82[农业科学—林学]