中国南方海相烃源岩生烃过程动力学研究  

Kinetics of the hydrocarbon generation process of marine source rocks in South China

作　　者：蒋启贵[1,2] 王延斌[1] 秦建中[2] 王勤[2] 张彩明[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京) [2]中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2010年第2期174-180,共7页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目"中国海相碳酸盐岩层系生烃史与热演化史研究"(2005CB422102);中国石化科技开发项目"南方海相烃源转化过程与生气潜力研究"(P06083)

摘　　要：利用Rock-Eval 6热解仪和Optkin动力学软件对中国南方不同类型海相烃源岩和浮游藻进行了生烃动力学分析。研究表明,海相烃源岩的生烃平均活化能表现为EAⅠ〈EAⅡ1〈EAⅡ2〈EAⅢ,在干酪根转化率10%-90%的有效生烃期间,生烃活化能跨度ΔE呈ΔEⅢ〉ΔEⅡ2〉ΔEⅡ1〉ΔEⅠ,最大生烃速率呈VmⅠ〉VmⅡ1〉VmⅡ2〉VmⅢ;浮游藻生烃活化能很低,可在未熟—低熟期大量生成重质油。结合热模拟实验和模拟残样动力学分析认为,海相烃源岩的生烃动力学过程可以分为4个阶段：重质油形成阶段,Ro值在0.3%-0.6%,生烃平均活化能在220 kJ/mol左右,小于250 kJ/mol;正常原油形成阶段,Ro值在0.6%-1.2%,生烃平均活化能在250-270 kJ/mol左右;凝析油和天然气生成阶段,Ro值大于1.2%,生烃平均活化能大于270kJ/mol;干酪根生气死亡线,Ro值大于4.21%,生烃平均活化能大于320 kJ/mol。The kinetics of hydrocarbon generation of different types of marine source rocks and planktonic algae in South China were analyzed using the Rock-Eval 6 instrument and the Optkin kinetic software.The average activity energy of marine source rocks has the characteristics of EAⅠEAⅡ1EAⅡ2EAⅢ,in the effective hydrocarbon generation period with the kerogen transformation being 10%–90%,the variation of hydrocarbon generation activity energy（ΔE） is ΔEⅢΔEⅡ2ΔEⅡ1ΔEⅠ,the hydrocarbon generation speed is VmⅠVmⅡ1VmⅡ2VmⅢ,while the planktonic algae has very low activity energy for hydrocarbon generation and can generate great abundance of heavy oil during the immaturity – low maturity period.According to the result of kinetic experiment of thermal simulation and simulation relict samples,the kinetic hydrocarbon generation process of marine source rocks can be described by four stages：（1） heavy oil generation,where the vitrinite reflectance（Ro） is 0.3%-0.6%,and the average activity energy is about 220 kJ/mol,less than 250 kJ/mol;（2） normal oil generation,where the vitrinite reflectance is 0.6%-1.2%,and the average activity energy is approximately 250-270 kJ/mol;（3） condensate oil and gas generation,where the vitrinite reflectance is higher than 1.2% and the average activity energy is higher than 270 kJ/mol;and（4） gas ＂dead line＂ of kerogen,where the vitrinite reflectance is higher than 4.21% and the average activity energy is higher than 320 kJ/mol.

关 键 词：海相烃源岩 生烃动力学 元素组成 有机质结构 生烃活化能 生烃过程 

分 类 号：TE122.1[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]