机体飞行载荷疲劳试验中的声发射特性分析  

AE Characteristic Analysis in Aircraft Fatigue Test Under Flight Loading Condition

作　　者：冯剑飞[1] 耿荣生[2] 邬冠华[3] 吴伟[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海飞机设计研究院,上海200232 [2]北京航空工程技术研究中心,北京100076 [3]南昌航空大学无损检测技术教育部重点实验室,南昌330063

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2010年第8期6-11,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：解放军空军重点项目408任务子课题资助项目(K040601)

摘　　要：机体飞行载荷疲劳试验是全尺寸飞机疲劳试验的最关键部分,主要目的是暴露机体结构疲劳薄弱部位和疲劳损伤关键部位,确定这些位置疲劳裂纹的扩展特征。论文介绍利用声发射技术对应力集中且可达性差的关键部位进行实时监控的细节,通过分析声发射特性,及时得到监测区域内裂纹萌生扩展的起始时间和位置的信息。详细叙述在高背景噪声环境下如何获取有用声发射信号的方法,包括使用谐振式传感器,采用空间滤波技术、基于统计平均的特征参数趋势分析和基于幅度的相关参数趋势分析的相互验证,以及采用载荷滤波、幅度滤波和空间滤波相结合的综合滤波方法。结果表明,这种声发射信号快速处理方法成功的实时监测到螺栓孔周围裂纹的萌生和扩展过程。The flight loading fatigue test on airframe forms is the most crucial part of the full scale aircraft fatigue test,and its main aim is to expose the weakest area of key structures of the aircraft and to understand characteristics of the fatigue crack initiation and growth.The real-time monitoring of key stress-concentrated and poorly accessible locations are detailed by using acoustic emission（AE） technique.Through analysis of AE characteristic,the information about the starting time of crack initiation and structure fracture in the monitoring area can be timely obtained.The methods of obtaining useful AE signals under high background noise are detailed,including the use of resonants sensor and spatial filtering technique,mutual verification between characteristic parameter trend analysis based on statistical average and related parameter trend analysis based on amplitude,and the use of combination of loading filtering,amplitude filtering and spatial filtering.Case studies show that the proposed fast processing method for AE signals successfully fulfils real-time monitoring of the crack initiation and growth process around the bolt hole.

关 键 词：飞机 疲劳试验 声发射 趋势分析 

分 类 号：V215.52[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]