中小化工企业中低频噪声对接触者听力损伤调查  

Hearing Loss in Workers Exposed to Low and Middle Frequency Noises in Small and Medium Chemical Enterprises

作　　者：王建宇[1] 丘创逸[1] 陈建雄[1] 邹剑明[1] 耿继武[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院评价所,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2010年第2期118-119,123,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

基　　金：广东省科技厅资助项目(2007B031512005)

摘　　要：目的探讨中小化工企业中低频噪声对接触者听力损伤情况,为中低频噪声防护措施提供依据。方法测量12家中小化工企业工作场所职业性噪声强度和频谱,并对接触噪声的212名工人和对照组179名工人进行纯音听力检查。结合现场噪声监测结果分析工人听力损伤特点。结果该工作场所工人接触噪声主频率为中低频稳态噪声,噪声强度为72.4-96.2 dB（A）;观察组中频高段和语频听力损失检出率分别为42.9%和20.8%,均高于对照组〔中频高段（2χ=121.61,P〈0.01）;语频段（2χ=52.64,P〈0.01）〕。观察组不同频段听力损失值均高于对照组（F=9.6,P〈0.01）。结论中低频职业噪声对接触者听力产生危害,应尽快制定防护措施。Objective To explore hearing loss in workers exposed to low and middle frequency noise in the medium and small scale chemical companies,and provide protective measures in the low and middle frequency noises.Methods The workplaces of occupational noise intensity and spectrum were measured for 12 small and medium scale chemical companies;212 workers exposed to noise and 179 workers in the control group were checked for pure tone audiometry,then characteristics of workers＇ hearing loss would be analyzed combining with on-site noise monitoring results.Results The results showed that the main frequency of noise was steady-state,noise intensities were between 72.4 dB（A） and 96.2 dB（A） in the investigated workplaces.Detection rates of hearing loss in word-frequency and high-frequency were 42.9% and 20.8% in the observation group,which were higher than those in the control group（high-frequency（χ2=121.61,P0.01）,word frequency（χ2=52.64,P0.01））,the average value of hearing loss in the observation group was higher than that in the cotrol group（F=9.6,P0.01）.Conclusion Low and middle frequency noises can harm workers＇ hearing,so protective measures should be formulated as soon as possible.

关 键 词：职业噪声 中低频噪声 听力损伤 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]