人胎儿脑膜淋巴孔的发现及其图像分析  

THE DISCOVERY OF THE HUMAN FETUS CEREBRAL MENINGEAL STOMATA AND THEIR IMAGE PROCESSING

作　　者：李继承[1,2,3] 石元和[1,2,3] 陈肖波 宓开鸿[1,2,3] 陈汉民[1,2,3] 沈毅 周吉林 

机构地区：[1]浙江医科大学淋巴学研究室 [2]浙江省人民医院 [3]杭州大学生物系

出　　处：《解剖学报》1998年第1期98-101,I013,共5页Acta Anatomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：应用扫描电镜和计算机图像处理技术，对人胎儿软脑膜和硬脑膜进行了研究。首次发现人软脑膜和硬脑膜有淋巴孔。脑膜淋巴孔位于脑膜间皮细胞之间，为圆形或椭圆形，直径为０．３３～２．９８μｍ。脑膜淋巴孔是脑膜上的一种固定存在的结构，呈散在或簇状分布。硬脑膜淋巴孔分布密度大于软脑膜（Ｐ＜０．０１），两者均呈正态分布。统计结果表明，硬脑膜和软脑膜淋巴孔的直径均数分别是１．３４μｍ和０．８８μｍ；密度均数分别为３８１．５５个／０．１ｍｍ２和１９５．０６个／０．１ｍｍ２。脑膜淋巴孔可能是脑的前淋巴管系统的一个组成部分。由于脑没有淋巴管，但存在淋巴引流，而脑的淋巴引流主要由前淋巴管系统承担，所以，脑膜淋巴孔可能与保持脑的正常生理功能有关，并参与脑脊液循环和脑组织液的吸收。The human fetus dura mater and pia mater were studied by using a scanning electron microscopy and a computer image processing system(C.I.P.).The cerebral meningeal stomata are located on the mesothelium of the cerebral meninges.They are round or oval in shape with diameters of 0 33 2 98μm.The cerebral meningeal stomata are stable in structures,and scattered or clustered together.Their density in the dura mater is greater than that in the pia mater( P <0 01),and they are regularly distributed.The statistical analysis showed that the stomata diameter and distribution density in the dura mater are 1.34μm and 381.55/0.1mm 2;while in the pia mater they are 0.88μm and 195.06/0.1mm 2,respectively.The cerebral meningeal stomatare probably part of the cerebral prelymphatic system,which undertakes the cerebral lymph drainage because there are no lymphatic vessels in the brain although there is lymph drainage.Thus,we suggest that the cerebral meningeal stomata might involve in maintaining the physiological function of the brain as part of the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)which absorbs the cerebral intersitital fluid.

关 键 词：淋巴孔 脑膜 间皮 淋巴引流 人胎儿 

分 类 号：R322.81[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学] R322.27[医药卫生—基础医学]