白天暗小恒星目标电视实时探测  

Method of Television Real-time Detection on Dark and Small Stars Targets in the Daytime

作　　者：冯小勇[1] 朱明[2] 向治强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国卫星海上测控部,江苏江阴214431 [2]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林长春130031

出　　处：《光学学报》2010年第4期1009-1014,共6页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：总装备部试验技术研究重点资助课题

摘　　要：为了满足船载光学测量设备昼夜实际测星需要,解决电视系统白天测星数量偏少的问题,保证惯导系统全天时不间断航向误差校准,使远望号航天测量船实现昼夜精密测控,采用了"多级实时可变光谱滤光技术",实现了暗小恒星目标与明亮天空背景的分离;并利用"暗小目标稳定识别跟踪算法",完成了快速稳定的目标识别跟踪;还引入"软件无线电技术的设计思想",实现了处理系统的构成和算法的应用。在光学设备系统口径180 mm,焦距3000 mm的情况下,白天可以探测的恒星星等高于4.5等,白天可以探测的恒星数量高于250颗。白天可以探测的最高星等达到了和晚上测星相同的能力,使原有光学设备光学系统的实际使用效能发挥到了极限,方法可以推广应用在电视弱小目标探测的各个方面。To meet the demand for stars detection by all-time optical measure equipment in the ship,and remove the problem of observable stars in the daytime by TV measurement as well as keep inertial navigation equipment emending its direction continuously,so that Space Tracking,Telemetering and Commanding ships＂YUAN WANG＂can realize their sophisticated measuring and tracking,the technique of＂real-time variable multi-levels spectrum filtering＂,which can distinguish dark and small star target from the bright background of the sky,＂the algorithm of dark and small target＇s stable recognition＂,which realizes quick and stable targets recognition and tracking,and＂the methods in software radio design＂,which realizes the composition of the processing system and the application of the algorithm are adopted.The optical measure equipment can detect the stars of magnitude 4.5 or even bigger,and the amount of stars that can be detected in the daytime can reach 250 or more,based on that optical equipment＇s aperture equals 180 mm and its focal length equals 3000 mm.The ability of maximum grades of star detection in the daytime can reach the grades in night,which expandes working ability of the optical equipment that now uses in ships to its limitation.The method can be popularized and applied in many other fields of dark and small targets detection by TV.

关 键 词：光学设计 空间观测 电视系统 白天测星 光谱滤波 暗小目标 实时探测 

分 类 号：O433[机械工程—光学工程] V556[理学—光学]