γ-射线对动物耳蜗及前庭损伤的实验研究  

Experimental study of radiation injuries on cochlea and vestibule by γ ray

作　　者：王中和[1,2] 胡海生[1,2] 王家东[1,2] 丁大连 

机构地区：[1]上海第二医科大学附属第九人民医院放疗科 [2]上海第二医科大学附属仁济医院耳鼻咽喉科

出　　处：《上海医学》1998年第10期567-569,F004,共4页Shanghai Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的：为探讨耳蜗及前庭放射损伤的始发部位和可能机理。方法：给予１６只豚鼠耳区一次５０Ｇｙ的６０Ｃｏγ－射线照射，采用耳蜗动作电位（ＡＰ）、眼震电流描记术和电镜技术进行研究。结果：辐射后豚鼠ＡＰ反应阈上升呈渐进性；前庭各功能试验结果表明，辐射后豚鼠眼震次数和持续时间呈进行性减少或缩短；电镜检查发现耳蜗和前庭毛细胞纤毛倒伏或缺失，其线粒体和内质网明显受损；神经末稍明显受损；细胞损伤程度：耳蜗外毛细胞＞内毛细胞、前庭毛细胞＞支持细胞、腹壶嵴毛细胞＞椭圆囊斑毛细胞＞球囊斑毛细胞。结论：放射线对耳蜗和前庭毛细胞和神经末稍的损伤是造成其功能障碍的主要原因；其辐射损伤呈进行性加重；Objective:This study is to find our the initial site and the possible mechanism of radiation injuries on cochlear and vestibular organs.Methods:The ear regions of 16 guinea pigs were radiated by 50 Gy/1fx 60 Co γ ray.Those animals were examined by means of action potential (AP),electronystagmorgraphy and electronmicroscopy. Results:AP threshold of guinea pigs rose day by day after irradiation. The time and of persistenec of evoked nystagmas reduced markedly after irradiation. Observations of electronmicroscopy found damage of hair cells and myelin sheaths of nerve in cochlear and vestibular organs.Conclusions :The radiation injuries of hair cells and nerve endings on cochlear and vestibular organs were the reason for their dysfunction. The injuries developed after irradiation,but the radiation sensitivity of the different cells in the cochlea and vestibule varies.

关 键 词：放射损伤 耳蜗 前庭器 动物实验 Γ射线 

分 类 号：R818.896[医药卫生—放射医学]