南疆超高产棉花源库特征研究  

A Study on Source-sink Characters of Super High-yielding Cotton in South Xinjiang

作　　者：郭仁松[1] 李斌[1] 薛刚 高云光[1] 赵强[1] 张巨松[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学/教育部棉花工程研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]阿克苏市农业技术推广中心,新疆阿克苏834000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2010年第4期649-654,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BADB02-1);新疆维吾尔自治区科技攻关重大专项(200731133-1);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(3-5-22)

摘　　要：【目的】在南疆自然生态条件下，研究超高产棉花源库指标，阐明超高产棉花产量形成机理，为新疆棉花高产优质栽培提供理论依据。【方法】以中棉所49号为供试材料，采用大田调查方式，对不同皮棉产量水平（超高产：皮棉3000kg／hm^2以上；高产：皮棉2225～3000kg／hm^2；中低产：皮棉2225kg／hm^2以下）产量构成因素、LAI、干物质积累、叶片SPAD值、“三桃”比例及叶面积载荷量等源库指标进行调查研究。【结果】棉花产量构成因素中群体成铃数对棉花产量贡献率最大（r=0．997^＊＊），超高产棉花生育前期LAI增长速率高于高产、中低产田，峰值大且出现较早。而前期LAI的快速增长提高了伏前桃、伏桃比例，同时也促进了中后期光合产物向库器官积累。【结论】超高产棉花叶源生育前期增长较快，峰值大且中后期保持较高水平，增源扩库是超高产棉花产量形成的主要途径。[Objective]The aim of this paper is to study the source - sink characters of 3 000 kg/hm^2 lint yield under natural ecology in south Xinjiang. [ Method] Using Zhongmian No .49 as test materials, analyses super high -yielding cotton of yield compenent factor, LAI, SPAD value of leaf, the number and ratio of bolls, and sink capacity load of unit leaf area. [Result] The result indicated that the harvestable bolls were most contribution rate （0.997^＊ ＊ }, effect of the rate of pre- reproductive cotton LAI growth on the number and ratio of bolls, LAI of super high - yielding cotton were investigated. LAI of super hiA Study on Source - sink Characters of Super High - yielding cotton has grown faster than that of high yield cotton, mid - low yield cotton.. [ Conclusion ] Leaf source were increased faster in early growth duration of super high - yielding cotton, so peak value was big and kept high level at middle and later stage, increasing source and enlarging sink were main channel of super high - yield cotton.

关 键 词：棉花 LAI “三桃” 叶面积载荷量 干物质 

分 类 号：S562.01[农业科学—作物学]