水肥耦合对温室盆栽黄瓜产量与水分利用效率的影响  

Effects of water and fertilizer coupling on yield and water use efficiency in greenhouse potted cucumber

作　　者：李邵[1,2] 薛绪掌[2] 郭文善[1] 张伟娟[2] 陈菲[2] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏扬州225009 [2]国家农业信息化工程技术研究中心,北京100097

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2010年第2期376-381,共6页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：北京市农业科技示范推广项目"负水头灌溉技术优化与示范";扬州大学研究生培养创新工程项目资助

摘　　要：采用一种负水头供水控水盆栽装置进行水分精确控制,通过设定装置的不同供水吸力控制不同的土壤含水量,研究不同水肥供应对温室黄瓜生长发育的影响及水肥间的耦合效应。试验分别设3种供水吸力:3 kPa(W1)、5kPa(W2)和7 kPa(W3);3种施肥水平:N 600、P 300、K 300 kg/hm2(F1),N 900、P 450、K 450 kg/hm2(F2)和N 1200、P600、K 600 kg/hm2(F3)。试验结果表明,W1、W2、W3处理控制的土壤含水量分别为26.25%、20.81%、15.35%。在F1、F2和F3的处理下,黄瓜的生长速率和产量随着土壤水分的增加而增加,表现为W1>W2>W3;在W1与W2处理下,施肥水平越高,黄瓜生长速率、叶片光合速率、干物质积累量以及产量与水分利用效率越高,表现为F3>F2>F1;且增加施肥对提高水分利用效率并不以增加植株耗水量为代价。而在W3处理下,植株干物质积累量、叶片光合速率和产量的高低顺序为F2>F1>F3,F3过高的施肥量抑制了植株的生长。试验结果还表明,水肥互作效应对黄瓜产量与水分利用效率有显著的影响。To study the influences of soil water content and fertilization levels on growth and development of greenhouse cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.） and their mutual coupling effects,a controlling pot device with a negative pressure water supplying is used to control different soil moisture by setting the water supply tension（WST） of the device at different levels.Three WST levels,i.e.3 kPa （W1）,5 kPa（W2）,and 7 kPa（W3）,and three fertilization rates,i.e.,N600P300K300 kg/ha（F1）,N900P450K450 kg/ha（F2）,N1200P600K600 kg/ha（F3）,are designed. Results show that the soil water contents at the W1,W2 and W3 treatments were 26.25%,20.81% and 15.35%,respectively.Plant growth rate and yield increased with the increasing of soil moisture at the same fertilization rate,the value order is W1W2W3.In W1 and W2 treatments,plant growth rate,photosynthesis,dry mass,yield and WUE are increased with the increasing of the fertilization rate（F3F2F1）.Furthermore,the increasing of fertilization to enhance the WUE does not take the increasing of plant water consumption as the price.However,dry mass,leaf photosynthesis and yield value of cucumber under W3 treatment is F2F1F3.High fertilization level（F3） has a negative effect on the cucumber plant growth under low moisture level（W3）.The experiment results also indicate there are significant effects of interaction between water and fertilizer on yield and WUE of cucumber.

关 键 词：水肥耦合 黄瓜 负水头控水 产量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]