干旱胁迫下6种野生耐旱花卉苗木蒸腾耗水与耐旱性的关系  

Relation of transpiration water consumption and drought resistance of six wild drought-resistant flower cuttings during drought stress

作　　者：徐兴友 杜金友[1] 龙茹[1] 王子华[1] 尹伟伦[2] 王华芳[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院野生植物资源应用研究所,河北秦皇岛066600 [2]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《经济林研究》2010年第1期9-13,共5页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：河北省科技攻关计划项目"燕山地区野生植物种质资源研究与评价利用"(01220133D);北京林业大学林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室开放基金项目"燕山东段野生耐旱花卉耐旱性的解剖学与生理生化基础研究";河北科技师范学院博士启动基金项目"燕山地区野生优质花卉资源耐旱性与应用技术研究"

摘　　要：为了探讨6种野生花卉的耐旱机理,采用BP3400精密电子天平,研究了在干旱胁迫条件下6种野生耐旱花卉苗木蒸腾耗水的变化规律及其与耐旱性的关系。结果表明:随着土壤干旱程度的加重,各苗木的单株蒸腾耗水量和蒸腾耗水速率逐渐下降,在对照、胁迫5d、暂时萎蔫和永久萎蔫这4个时段单株蒸腾耗水量的平均值由大到小排序为叶底珠>栓翅卫矛>木半夏>南蛇藤>孩儿拳头>蚂蚱腿子,蒸腾耗水速率的平均值由大到小排序为叶底珠>蚂蚱腿子>栓翅卫矛>南蛇藤>木半夏>孩儿拳头;叶底珠和蚂蚱腿子是耗水较多的树种,孩儿拳头是耗水较少的树种,栓翅卫矛、南蛇藤和木半夏的耗水量接近且居中;各苗木蒸腾耗水量的连日变化呈波动的递减趋势,与气温、空气相对湿度的波动一致;单株蒸腾耗水量和蒸腾耗水速率的大小与耐旱性强弱之间没有必然的关系,这表明了不同苗木的耐旱性具有多样化的特点。In order to understand drought resistant mechanism of six wild drought-resistant flowers, relation of transpiration water consumption and drought resistance of the six flower cuttings during drought stress was researched with BP3400 electronic balance. The results showed that amount and rate of transpiration per plant were decreased gradually with soil drought stress. The average amounts of transpiration per plant in order from high to low were Securinega suffruticosa, Euonymu phellomanus, Elaeagnuas multiflora, Celastrus orbiculatus, Grewia biloba, Myripnois dioica during the periods of the control, drought stress for 5 days, temporary wilting point, permanent wilting point, and the average rates of transpiration in order from high to low were Securinega suffruticosa, Myripnois dioica. , Euonymu phellomanus, Celastrus orbiculatus, Elaeagnuas multiflora, Grewia biloba. Securinega suffruticosa and Myripnois dioica consumed much more water than the other plants, Grewia biloba did the least, and Euonymu phellomanus, Celastrus orbiculatus, Elaeagnuas multiflora consumed the same water, which belong to the middle consumption water plants. The fluctuation of the daily change of transpiration is in accordance with the fluctuation of air temperature and air relative humidity. There was no inevitable relation between the rate, the amount of transpiration and drought resistance, which indicated that different plants had various ways to resisting drought.

关 键 词：野生花卉 干旱胁迫 蒸腾耗水量 蒸腾耗水速率 耐旱性 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]