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作 者:徐抗震[1] 左现刚[2] 宋纪蓉[1,3] 王锋[1] 黄洁[1] 常春然[1]
机构地区:[1]西北大学化工学院,西安710069 [2]河南科技学院信息工程学院,新乡453003 [3]故宫博物院文保科技部,北京100009
出 处:《高等学校化学学报》2010年第4期638-643,共6页Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities
基 金:国家自然科学基金(批准号:20803058);陕西省自然科学基金(批准号:SJ08B10);总装备部武器装备预研基金(批准号:9140C3503010905);西北大学研究生创新基金(批准号:09YSY25)资助
摘 要:利用1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烯(FOX-7)和KOH在甲醇水体系中合成了一种新型有机钾盐,并培养出K(FOX-7)·H2O单晶.该晶体属三斜晶系,P1空间群,晶胞参数:a=0.7493(2)nm,b=0.9767(3)nm,c=2.0035(5)nm,α=90.017(4)°,β=97.129(4)°,γ=90.019(4)°,V=1.4548(7)nm3,Dc=1.865g/cm3,μ=0.724mm-1,F(000)=832,Z=8,R1=0.0523,wR2=0.1082.K(FOX-7)·H2O的热分解行为可分为一个脱水和两个放热分解过程,且第一放热分解反应的表观活化能和指前因子分别为135.9kJ/mol和1012.17s-1.热爆炸的临界温度为212.02℃.同时,利用微量热法测定了K(FOX-7)·H2O的比热容,298.15K时的摩尔热容为210.88J·mol-1·K-1.用测得的比热容方程计算了298.15K为基础的FOX-7的热力学函数,并得到了绝热至爆时间为15.7~16.8s之间的某一值.A high-energy organic potassium salt of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethlyene(FOX-7) was synthesized by mixing FOX-7 and KOH in water-methanol system.Crystal structure of K(FOX-7) ·H 2 O was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis.The crystal belongs to triclinic crystallographic system,space group P1 and cell parameters:a=0.7493(2) nm,b=0.9767(3) nm,c=2.0035(5) nm,α=90.017(4) °,β= 97.129(4) °,γ=90.019(4) °,V=1.4548(7) nm3,D c =1.865 g/cm 3,μ=0.724 mm-1,F(000) =832,Z=8,R 1 =0.0523,wR 2 =0.1082.The thermal behavior of K(FOX-7) ·H 2 O was studied,and the apparent activation energy and pre-exponential factor of the second decomposition reaction are 135.9 kJ/mol and 10 12.17 s-1,respectively.The critical temperature of thermal explosion is 212.02℃.The specific heat capacity of K(FOX-7) ·H 2 O was determined with micro-DSC method,and the molar heat capacity is 210.88 J· mol-1 ·K-1 at 298.15 K.Thermodynamic functions of K(FOX-7) ·H 2 O,relative to the standard temperature 298.15K,were calculated through thermodynamic relationship,and the adiabatic time-to-explosion also was obtained as a certain value between 15.7—16.8 s.
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