技术权力影响下的产业集群演化研究——以上海汽车产业集群为例  

STUDY ON EVOLUTION OF INDUSTRY CLUSTERS WITH THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNICAL POWER——A Case study of Shanghai Automobile Industry Cluster

作　　者：张云逸[1] 曾刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学城市与区域经济系,上海200062

出　　处：《人文地理》2010年第2期120-124,共5页Human Geography

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金(08JA790044);国家自然科学基金(40371033)

摘　　要：在发展中国家,由跨国公司参与的外生生产型产业集群表现出明显的技术权力不对称现象。拥有行业核心技术和技术标准制定权的跨国公司在集群发展演化中扮演了重要的角色。而对此现象的研究目前缺少重视。以上海汽车产业集群为例,通过访谈和发放调查问卷研究发现,技术领先使得跨国整车企业拥有集群内的技术权力,并以此为力量,通过技术锁定、技术标准、技术援助、技术示范等手段直接和间接影响集群成员的行为,进而带动企业空间集聚、内部结网和建立相互学习机制,推动了产业集群的形态和功能由低级向高级演化。Industry cluster, which has been developing internationally over the past century, is a hot topic in the field of economic geography and industrial economics. Asymmetrical power relation, which is a distinct characteristic of industry clusters, plays an important role in the evolvement of industry clusters. Technology power has more contribution to the development of industry clusters in the era of knowledge-based economy. Using a case study of Shanghai automobile industry cluster, this paper will focus on the technology power and its functions. It highlights four points which are, firstly, the core in asymmetrical power relationships; second- ly, technology power; thirdly, the evolution of industry clusters with the influence of technology power. The investigation is based on interviews and questionnaire. The result shows that that the power structure is asymmetrical in Shanghai automobile industry cluster because the more powerful members in a power network can have great influence on other members by means of technological blockade, technological standards, techno- logical aids and technological demonstration. Therefore, the industry cluster is formed and developed with the corporation and support between the members in the industry cluster. Furthermore, the leading technology companies are able to decide the companies＇ locations, the network members and accelerate the innovation. Thus, they can be the core in the network because of having technological power. The industry clusters will evolve relied on the lead of leading technology companies and the close corporation of all the members in the network. It also indicates that the study of technology power is great necessary for regional development.

关 键 词：技术权力 领导公司 产业集群演化 上海汽车产业集群 

分 类 号：F061.5[经济管理—政治经济学]