三峡重庆库区针对水土流失的土地资源生态安全评价  

Ecological Security of Land Evaluation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing for Water and Soil Erosion

作　　者：左太安[1,2] 苏维词[1,3] 马景娜[1] 肖艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学地理科学学院,重庆400047 [2]毕节学院环境与生命科学系,贵州毕节551700 [3]贵州科学院山地资源研究所,贵阳550001

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2010年第2期74-78,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"973"计划专题(2006CB403204);国家社会科学基金(06XYJ017);重庆师范大学重点项目(08XLZ13);贵州省高层次人才特助项目(TZJF-2008年22号);重庆师范大学GIS重点实验室(CSGIS2008-01);人文地理学重点学科资助项目

摘　　要：三峡库区由于地理位置的特殊性,在区域土地资源安全、持续利用中面临着极为严峻的矛盾和挑战。本研究基于PSR(压力-状态-响应)框架,针对水土流失建立三峡库区土地资源生态安全评价指标体系。具体压力指标包括降雨压力、可蚀性压力、地形压力、土地压力、人口压力、收入压力等指标;状态指标包括侵蚀状态、肥力状态、格局状态等指标;响应指标包括利用响应和政策响应。采用层次分析、分级赋值、综合评价的方法,对三峡重庆库区土地资源安全情况进行了初步评价,结果表明:三峡重庆库区的土地生态安全综合得分为2.53分,为临界生态安全。压力指标得分最低为2.25分,状态指标得分为2.58分,响应得分为3分。人为干扰是引起区域土地安全状况低下的最主要原因,紫色土广布和地形坡度大等自然地理状况是土地生态安全低下的第二大原因。为资源安全评价和退化土地的生态恢复提供一定的借鉴意义。As a result of geographical position＇s particularity,the land resource security and land continually is facing the extremely contradiction and the challenge.Taking the Three Gorges reservoir area as the object of the study,based on the PSR frame,established the ecological security of land evaluation indicator system.The concrete pressure index includes the rainfall pressure,soil erodibility pressure,terrain pressure,land pressure,population pressure,income pressure and so on;The condition index includes soil erosion condition,fertility condition,pattern condition;The response index includes use response and policy response.the land ecological security of the Three Gorges reservoir area area has be preliminary evaluated with method of analytic hierarchy process （AHP）,grade evaluation and comprehensive evaluation.The result indicates that land ecological security synthesis score of Three Gorges reservoir area is 2.53 points,the land ecological security is somewhat low.The pressure index score is 2.25 points,the condition index score is 2.25 points,the response index score is 3 points.The jamming is the primary reason for the land ecological security,the purple soil abroad and the slope big is the second reason.The paper provides the correct method to ecological security of land evaluation and assessment of the ecological restoration.

关 键 词：压力-状态-响应 水土流失 生态安全评价 三峡重庆库区 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]