库布齐沙地三种植物光合、蒸腾特性和水分利用效率研究  

Study on Photosynthesis,Transpiration and Moisture Use Efficiency of Three Plants in Kubuqi Desert

作　　者：马阔东[1] 高丽[1] 闫志坚[1] 聂素梅[1] 阿斯嘎[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所/农业部草原资源与生态重点开放实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2010年第2期116-120,共5页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国农业科学院草原研究所)项目

摘　　要：采用LI-6400便携式光合系统,对库布齐沙地建群种油蒿以及人工栽培植物塔落岩黄芪和沙打旺的光合作用、蒸腾作用及水分利用效率进行了研究。结果表明,库布齐沙地的油蒿表现出高光合、高蒸腾的特点,其净光合速率和蒸腾速率均大于塔落岩黄芪和沙打旺,但水分利用效率较低;塔落岩黄芪表现出高光合、低蒸腾的特点,水分利用效率较高;沙打旺表现出低光合、低蒸腾的特点,水分利用效率介于油蒿和塔落岩黄芪之间。油蒿与塔落岩黄芪的净光合速率日变化呈明显的双峰曲线,沙打旺只在16∶00出现一个单峰。气孔导度和光合有效辐射作为重要的生理因子和主要环境因子分别影响着三种植物净光合速率和蒸腾速率的变化。Photosynthesis,transpiration and moisture use efficiency of Artemisia ordosia which is constructive species,Hedysarum fruticosum var.laeve and Astragalus adsurgens which are both artificial cultivation species were measured using the LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system.The results showed that A.ordosia performed higher photosynthesis and transpiration rates and lower moisture use efficiency.H.fruticosum var.laeve performed higher photosynthesis and lower transpiration rates and higher moisture use efficiency.A.adsurgens performed lower photosynthesis and lower transpiration rates,and the moisture use efficiency of which was higher than that of A.ordosia and lower than that of H.fruticosum var.laeve.Diurnal variation of net photosynthesis rate of A.ordosia and H.fruticosum var.laeve presented obvious double peaks.A.adsurgens only peaked at 16∶00.Stoma conductivity as important physiological factor and photosynthetically active radiation as major environmental factor affected net photosynthesis and transpiration rates of three plants.

关 键 词：库布齐沙地 净光合速率 蒸腾速率 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：Q945.1[生物学—植物学]