塔里木沙漠公路防护林带根灌节水试验研究  

Root Irrigation Experiments Used in the Protective Forest Belt along the Tarim Desert Highway

作　　者：杜虎林[1] 王涛[1] 肖洪浪[1] 冯起[1] 郑威[2] 孙书澎[2] 周宏伟[2] 彭晓玉[2] 邱永志[2] 许波[2] 张定卫[2] 王强[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国石油塔里木油田分公司,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2010年第3期522-527,共6页Journal of Desert Research

摘　　要：根灌技术直接把水分灌溉到一定深度的植物根系土壤层,是一项新的节水灌溉技术;在塔里木沙漠公路防护林带灌溉中,首次开展了根灌对土壤水分作用与影响的节水试验研究,并与传统的沙漠公路防护林带滴灌技术进行对比。研究结果表明,根灌技术比滴灌技术更加节水,其主要优点表现在增加土壤含水量、增加土壤层的湿润深度、提高灌水效率、节省灌水时间等。而且,根灌技术能有效地抑制滴灌造成的地表土壤水分的蒸发损失、地表土壤的盐分积累。根灌技术比滴灌要节水30%以上,是一项更高效的节水灌溉技术。Root irrigation is an irrigation technique supplying water directly to a certain depth of soil layer where the plant root distributes, and it is a relatively new water-saving irrigation technique. Root irrigation water-saving experiment was first conducted in the protective forest belt along the Tarim Desert highway in this study. The effect of root irrigation on soil water content was investigated in the experiment and at the same time a comparative experiment with the drip irrigation technique, which was a predominant technique in the irrigation of the forest belt along the Tarim Desert highway, was made. The study results show that the root irrigation technique can save more water than drip irrigation technique does, and its advantages are mainly manifested in the significant increase in soil water content and soil moisture depth, the improvement Of irrigation efficiency and the decrease of irrigation duration time. Root irrigation can also effectively reduce the evaporation loss of surface water and salt accumulation in surface soil layer caused by drip irrigation. Root irrigation technique is a more effective water-saving irrigation technique because it can save 30 % or more irrigation water compared to drip irrigation technique.

关 键 词：沙漠公路 防护林 根灌 节水 

分 类 号：S728.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]