不同生境三裂叶豚草生长及生态位特征  

Growth and Ecological Niche Characteristics of Ambrosia trifida in Different Habitats

作　　者：殷萍萍[1] 李建东[1] 殷红[1] 孙备[1] 孙佳楠[1] 王国骄[1] 燕雪飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2010年第2期565-569,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅高等学校创新团队科研项目(2009T088)

摘　　要：于2008年6月选取5个不同的三裂叶豚草生长生境,测定每个样方出现的所有杂草的种类及数目并对不同生境下三裂叶豚草的生态位特征进行研究,再将样方内所有三裂叶豚草带回实验室进行指标测定。结果表明,不同生境下的三裂叶豚草存在一定程度的形态差异;干扰程度越强,三裂叶豚草的平均株高越高,三裂叶豚草的生长越好。光照和水肥条件以及三裂叶豚草的入侵程度对其本身的生长同样有重要影响。在同一生境下,与生长环境中其他杂草相比,三裂叶豚草生态位宽度最大,说明它对环境资源的利用能力强,更倾向于本研究区域的泛化种,它这种通过扩大生态位宽度来维持足够的种群竞争力方式可能是三裂叶豚草对资源水平适应进化的表现。Five different habitats of Ambrosia tr/fida were selected to determine the varieties and number of weeds in every quadrat and study niche characteristics of Ambrosia trifidas in quadrats in June,2008. The results showed that there was a certain degree morphological differ- ences of Ambrosia trifida in different habitats. The average plant height of Ambrosia trifiAa increased with the disturbance degree enhancing. The light and water conditions,as well as the intrusion degree of Ambrosia tr/fida all had a significant impact on its growth.. Compared with the other weeds in the same environment,Ambrosia tr/fida had the largest niche breadth show that the utilization ability of Ambrosia trifida to environmental resources was so strong that Ambrosia tr/fida was inclined to the generalization specie in the study area. The conclusion was drawn that the way that Ambrosia trifidas maintained the sufficient population competitiveness could be the performance of Ambrosia trifida that adapted to resources level .

关 键 词：生态入侵 三裂叶豚草 生物学特性 生态位 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]