拮抗香蕉枯萎病镰刀菌木霉菌株的分离筛选  

Screening of Trichoderma spp. Antagonizing Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Owen

作　　者：吴琳[1] 黄华平[2] 杨腊英[2] 景晓辉[1] 冉长城[1] 韦康[1] 朱利林[1] 张俊芳[1] 黄俊生[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学环境与植物保护学院,海南儋州571737 [2]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南儋州571737 [3]海南省热带农业有害生物检测监控重点实验室,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2010年第1期106-110,共5页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划重点项目课题五(No.2007BAD48B05);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(No.200903049);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(No.2008HZS1J003);农业部农作物病虫害疫情监测与防控(No.ZBC200803)资助

摘　　要：香蕉枯萎病是由尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型引起的,目前尚缺乏有效的防治方法,木霉菌是重要的植物病害防治菌,广泛分布于自然界。木霉菌具有广泛的适应性,能杀伤多种重要的植物病原菌且作用机制多种多样。笔者从广东湛江、海南儋州等地152份土样中分离出330株木霉,通过对峙法对木霉菌进行体外拮抗作用测定及评价,选出10株对尖孢镰刀菌有较好拮抗效果的木霉菌;并测定无菌土中木霉与病原菌的种群动态变化,结果表明木霉在土壤中对病原菌有一定的抑制作用。Banana fusarium wilt disease is a soil born disease caused by the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense Owen. At present, effective control methods for this disease are not available. The fungus Trichoderma, ubiquitous in the environment, is an important microorganism in the biological control of plant diseases. As a biocontrol agent, the advantages of Trichoderma spp. lie in its excellent adaptability, broad spectrum of activity and diversified mechanisms. A total of 330 strains of Trichoderma spp. were isolated from 152 soil samples collected from Zhanjiang, Hainan and other locations. Further screened by dual-culture and antagonistic test, 10 strains of the 330 strains were found to have strong antagonism against the pathogen of the disease. Observation of the dynamic population changes in Trichoderma spp. and the pathogen of the disease showed that Trichoderma spp. had some inhibitory effect on the pathogen of the disease in the soil.

关 键 词：尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型 木霉 筛选 拮抗作用 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学] S435[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]